Application Of The Mach-Zehnder Interferometer In Monitoring Oil Pipelines

Bidirectional Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based distributed optical fiber sensor with its large numbers of advantages, such as strong anti-electromagnetic interference, good corrosion resistance, high sensitivity and diversity of flexible, security monitoring system has won widespread concern in the field. With the rapid development of oil industry, oil pipeline security issues are also receiving more and more attention, the main application of Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the oil industry is monitoring the respective and large-scale oil pipelines, such as functions of anti-theft and anti-leakage.Firstly, Phase modulated fiber optic sensors-bidirectional Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been studied in this article, and the actuality of research and theory are described. Sensitive optical fiber as a component for the phase modulation is placed in measured field, for the effect by the quizzee, its phase changes and the signal is transmitted back to the real-time monitoring detection side. I have explained every component of the two-way Mach-Zehnder interferometer-type fiber-optic distributed sensing system and its application technology, the system includes the light source partially, signal generation part, and the conversion of the optical signal detection, signal amplification part of the filter, signal acquisition part, the signal demodulation part and part positioning system. This article has described the principles of signal modulation and demodulation method detailed, as well as the signal recognition and signal positioning method.Secondly, I have investigated the phenomenon of polarization fading of the signal of bidirectional Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based distributed optical fiber sensor and phase noise, obtained the influence expressions of impact of the polarization fading and phase noise caused by polarization state changes against photic intensity, as well as the non-ideal character of the coupler splitting ratio.Finally, the entire system was simulated under laboratory conditions, three conditions have been simulated:1.the vibration signal caused by walking;2.the vibration signal caused by theft;3. the vibration signal caused by the oil pipeline spilling. based on these, some obtained experimental data has been obtained to identify the events, from experimental results, we can know that Zehnder interferometer-based distributed optical fiber sensor is ideal for oil pipeline monitoring system, I believe that the Zehnder interferometer will get more and more attention in the future, and can be used in more areas of our lives.