Comparison On The United States And Japan’s Foreign Education Aid

As an important part of foreign aid, foreign education aid gets increasing attention from the different countries in the world. And in the international aid structure, the United States and Japan play an important role. In terms of the history of the development, the scale of assistance and the aid policy and management model, the United States is in a leading position in the world. Japan has gradually formed its own characteristics of foreign aid strategy after60years of development, and successively kept the world first8years in the1990s. Due to the representative of foreign education aid in the United States and Japan, comparing the two countries’ foreign education aid will help us deepen the understanding of international education aid and enlighten China’s foreign education aid.Using literature, comparative law, history method and the factor analysis, this research choose the United States and Japan as the object of study comparatively analyzing the two countries’foreign aid from the development history, concept, content and form, effect and evaluation, and regional distribution. The research finds that the foreign education aid in the two countries not only closely follows the foreign aid strategy but also changes with foreign strategy in different times. The two countries’ education aid concept which clings to country’s overall foreign strategy and works for its national interests has a strong instrumental effect. While the United States takes into account more about strategy, political ideology and national security factors of foreign education, the Japanese foreign education aid is always looking for the balance point of foreign strategy and economic development strategy in the best interests. In the content and form of foreign education aid, there exist the big differences. Compared to Japan, the United States invests more in foreign education aid software construction. And in the school infrastructure construction and other hardware aid. Japan injects more than the United States. Both two countries have established the special foreign aid agencies, formed its own unique mode of management, and paid attention to foreign aid effect and evaluation. In the distribution of foreign education aid, the United States and Japan all deem Asia, Africa and Latin America as the key area, merely performing some adjustment according to the needs of its international strategy in certain period.Based on the comparison and analysis of foreign education in the United States and Japan, and combined with the reality of our foreign education aid, the research makes a conclusion and hopes to provide some useful reference and inspiration to the development of China’s foreign education aid. This paper argues that, one country’s ultimate goal of foreign aid is to realize the interests of the state which means foreign education aid should bring national interests in politic, economy, security and culture. Foreign education aid, being aid product attributes and education product attributes, in essence is the collision and fusion between different cultures. Therefore, China’s foreign education aid and even the entire foreign aid should do well in the following aspects:to form a scientific and reasonable system of foreign aid concept; to highlight the foreign education aid with Chinese characteristics; to shape a unified and efficient foreign aid management system.