Demonstration The Changes And Influence Of Chinese Track And Field Rules

Track and field is an important part of the competitive sports, and rules oftrack and field competition are the judging standards of referees and also the faircompetition standard of athletes in the process of track and field competition.Based on the principles of fairness and impartiality, track and field competitionrules are designed according to the characteristics of track and field sports and thedevelopment trend of track and field sports technology to maximally guarantee theinterests of the athletes and promote the changes of development purpose of trackand field sports, which is a dynamic process of continual revise and improvement.From the moment when track and field competition rules appeared till now, itdevelops through the course from the elementary to the profound, from the simpleto the comprehensive, from the crude to the perfect. Track and field competitionrules of China experiences great changes during this process, from the use of its’single rule at the early days of the nation to coexist use with IAAF handbook at thesame time then to refer to IAAF and integrate with it. Through the combing to thechanges of track and field competition rules in our country, this paper analyzes thechanging factors that influence the track and field competition rules, summarizesthe basic principle of the changing of track and field competition rules anddiscusses the future changing trend of track and field competition rules.Research shows that: according to their own development and the socialdevelopment characteristics of China’s track and field competition rules, thechange process of rules can be divided into three stages: the shaping stage(1949-1965), the tortuous stage (1966-1990) and the improving and combiningwith the world stage (1990-2010).And at the initial stage, the main basis of therules’ change is the requirement to serve the politics and the need of socialistconstruction; At the second stage it was mainly due to the improvement of sports technology and the use of science and technology in the track and field sports;ensuring the fair competition among athletes and requirements of participating inthe international competition become the last stage’s reason. Among them, at theinitial stage, the track and field rules experienced three changes and eight versions.At the difficult stage it experienced five changes and eleven versions. At the laststage, it experienced six changes and six versions. The rules that verified in2006have more than70changes. It is the most profound, the most severe changingperiod of the track and field competition rules.The main factors that influence the changing of tack and field competitionrules in our country include the changing of sports technology and theimprovement of athletes’ competition ability, the high-tech development of sportsfacilities, the commercialization development of track and field competition andthe perfection of the rule itself. The change of the sports techniques mainlyembodies the reform of starting position and the technology of jumping projectand the technology changes of throwing events. For example, the changes ofstarting position from the stand to stand-half then to down-squat and the reform ofjavelin throwing from accurate-shoulder approach to armed--gunman shoulderapproach in the javelin throwing events all lead to the changes of the competitionrules. The penetration of new materials science to sports equipment has greatlypromoted the rule’s change, such as the gradual scientific improvement of thematerial of the poles, shoes and sports venues. The commercialization of track andfield competition mainly reflects on the diversity of the competition and theexpansion of the scale. And the continuous revise, refining and standardization ofthe rules reflect their own development.Meanwhile, rules’ changes also influence the development of athletes, coachesand referees and the new requirements are put forward. The changes of rules canbetter guarantee athletes’ security and health, make the technology and movementmore exact and make the game more exciting, the rhythm more compact. Thechanges of rules also make referees’ work further standardization and thedecisions more accurate. The coaches need to master more professional knowledge,actively learn new rules and grasp its essence so as to laid solid scientific theoryfoundation for guiding athletes’ daily training and the competition. According tothe analysis from different Angles above on track and field competition rules, thispaper suggests that the rules’ changes of track and field competition should follow the principles of safety, fairness and unity. It embodies that every social strataneeds the track and field sports. Humanization should be the main part of therules’ changes. The internationalization is the goal of the rules’ development.Strengthening the refinement and scientificalization secures the development of therules and enhancing the reduction of cordial is the deduction of track and fieldsports spirit and the requirement of competition development.To sum up, the change process of track and field competition rules in China isalso the promotion process of technology level of track and field sports. Throughthe analysis on the influence of rules’ changes to technology, referees andcompetition, coaches and athletes can appreciate the rules and use of rules morereasonably.