The Social Security Of Floating Population Condition Research-based On The Investigation Of Jinan

Since1980s, the tide of reform and opening up and market economy has prompted a largenumber of rural surplus labor forces to leave their village and come to the city, forming amassive army of floating population. Their arrival injected fresh blood for the city’s economicdevelopment, provided rich labor resources for urban construction and they are the main forcefor building modern city. The floating population has made tremendous contributions to theurban development, however how about their social security status? As the "safety net" and"stabilizer" of economic development, social security plays an important role in protecting theworkers’ basic rights to subsistence and work. For the floating population leaving theirhometown and coming to strange city to seek livelihoods, whether can they enjoy socialsecurity benefits and obtain system protection is particularly important.This paper used empirical research method and collected data of social security situationsof the floating population through questionnaire survey. The design of the questionnaire mainlyincludes social insurance, social welfare and social assistance. Since the early320questionnaires were designed for social insurance situations, so the following800copies ofquestionnaire supplemented social welfare with the assistance of my tutor’s projects in thepaper’s late finishing. I hope to have a more objective understanding about the social securitysituations of the floating population in Jinan City through the two questionnaires.The survey results show that with the increasing national attention to floating population,their social security situation has greatly improved, but overall, compared with urban residentsthere is still a certain gap which is manifested as follows: Firstly, the floating population haslower awareness of the social security overall and knows little about relevant national policiesand measures leading to low enthusiasm in insurance participation; Secondly, the insurance rateof social insurance projects is generally low which has prominent problems. Specifically, thefloating population has low willingness in old-age insurance and they are lack of confidence insocial old-age insurance; their health has big hidden trouble and their medical reimbursement isdifficult so they have difficulty in paying large medical expenses; they are lack of insurance andtheir personal security is vulnerable to be threatened so the road to safeguard their industrial injury rights is thorny; their unemployment insurance is almost empty and the unemployment isfrequent so their life is lack of reliable protection; women’s reproductive rights are noteffectively protected and they are lack of maternity insurance. Thirdly, the social welfaresituation needs to be improved. The floating population is difficult to enjoy housing benefitsand most of them rent rooms having big pressure; various types of training is insufficient andtheir career development prospect is slim; random fees of compulsory education happenfrequently and the right to education of floating population children can not be effectivelyprotected. Fourthly, the state of social assistance is worrying and the original social networkrelationship is difficult to survive, lacking of institutional safeguards, the living is easy totrapped into a vicious circle.According to the social security conditions of floating population, the author analyzedfrom national institutions, self reasons of enterprises and floating population and other aspects.The paper put forward corresponding countermeasure: improve social security legislation andbuild social security system meeting the needs of floating population; enhance public servicefunctions, deepen reform of the household registration system and crack dual structure of urbanand rural areas; regulate labor relations and strengthen corporate responsibility; enhance skillstraining to improve cultural qualities of the floating population and so on.