Calais Boix’s Political Transition Theory

"The man is a political animal." Aristotle defined so accurate and far-reachingof human in his book “political science”. From the origin of human civilization-thehistory of the development of four ancient civilizations can be simply divided thehistory of human civilizationnto three stages: the age of agricultural civilization,machines of the industrial age and the age of information. Human organizationstructure and the way of life had dramatically changes, from the simple division oflabor to today’s complex social division of labor, from a loose form of organization ofstate power to a modern state of huge national machine and a tight organizationalstructure. To cap it all,in the boundless universe, fragile human beings create a greatdeal of spiritual and material wealth, and the reason why just in thousands of years,tothe universe just a blink of an eye,has made such a brilliant achievement is thewisdom of human organization. Through a series of organizations they workedclosely to explore the true meaning of life and the mysteries of the universe, while thesurvival of the organization development from the initial tribal to the later state. Dueto the geographical and the time, the organization’s operating principles are difference.Nevertheless, the general trends are the same-the direction of better reflect theindividual will and the interests of development.Since the1970s, the research of the fundamental political system of thecountries and the political transition of political ecology wept many countries andregions in the world. This massive political transformation wave, not only led to thedrastic changes of today’s world political and economic structure, but also for thestudy of politics, especially the study of comparative politics which has played atremendous role in promoting. The so-called political transition refers to thephenomena and processes of regime change in a country or region as the core of thepolitical system changes and the political ecology of change.At present, the study ofpolitical transformation not only the research field becomes broadening, in theoreticalparadigm is also showing the situation of "let a hundred flowers blossom and ahundred schools of thought contend". There are four main theoretical paradigm, thatis more modern theory, strategic choice theory, the theory of civil society and the newinstitutionalism in political science theory Carles Boix,professor of Princeton University,is a well-known scholars whoachieved breakthrough results in the theoretical study of political transition in recentyears. In the domestic,the political transition theoretical research of Carles Boix isin infancy,so Dr. Xiong Jie of Beijing University translated his book “Democracy andredistribution”.But Carles Boix’s contribution is not allowed to ignore. It is found thatthe inherent flaws and practical challenges of the past political transition theory, heused the game theory to establish the model of data analysis, combined with thehistorical experience and empirical analysis,as redistribution to a discoursethe logicalstarting point, for the selection of the two-class model of political system, heproposes a few basic assumptions of the model-based, at the same time discusses thegame equilibrium which as a role of inequality and wealth of the country-specific. Inthe choice of the three-class model of political system, he explained the degree ofinequality, the influencing factors of asset specificity and the costs of repression, andalso involve the role of the middle class and the formation of cross-class alliance.Variable analysis is a features of Carles Boix’s political transition theory.Itincludes the independent model (inequality, the country’s wealth specificity) analysiswith the model of control variables (development level, religion, nationality, growthrate, etc) analysis, and introduces the relationship between democracy and thedevelopment of the various departments, the possibility of threat and developmentconfiscated, economic reform and the possibility of democratic system and the originof inequality and liquidity, so as to prove the decisive role of redistribution in theprocess of democratic transition.Calais Boix political transformation theory coexist with the rationality andlimitation. Rationality is reflected in solving some of the problems plaguing scholarsfor many years, such as why rich oil countries can not achieve democracy.But, in theprocess of building model he will be inevitable ignore some factors, such as culture,in some countries, these factors may influence not large, but for some countries, itmay be very deadly, simply is explanatory power of the regional limitations. However,for the Chinese society which is in transition,Carles Boix political transition theoryhas a certain practical significance. In such a vast, large population, economic base isfar behind developed countries, social and cultural development is not fully integrate with the mainstream of the world civilization developing country, in the torrent ofhistory, China is to improve the democratic system will hawe a lot of thing to do.First,to reduce the inequality of income between regions and among the varioussectors.The social gap between rich and poor is too large which can not reflect thesuperiority of socialism and it will produce a series of social contradictions, thusimpeding the socio-economic and cultural’s comprehensive development. Second, wemust realize economic development and social stability of both hands to grasp, andwith both hands tightly. The full flow of capital in the world, economic globalizationand world economic integration is the trend, the full flow of capital can maximizerevenue, and also can achieve the optimal allocation of resources, so that to make thenational economic system more healthy. Should be made to improve the flow ofhuman capital, talent is the basis for everything, only to have a large number ofpeople who emerged with knowledge and the stage to display their elites, can thecause can be successful. Founding sound diversity of economic sectors anddeveloping an open economy, reform and opening up have brought to China anenormous changes. The take-off in the economic field will lead the continuousimprovement in the political areo, therefore,we must unswervingly adhere to the basicnational policy of reform and opening up. Third, to enhance cultural development andrational utilization of the positive role of media as a whole, so that to make the cultureto be a strong ideological backing for the construction of socialist democratic politics.