Violence In Ecology And Interactive Situation

In the field of contentious politics, a puzzling phenomenon is that a reasonable appeal is often accompanied by extreme or violent way of contention, this phenomenon is more obvious in the protest of grassroots society. The researches in academia about social contention is of an immense number, but this widespread phenomenon with highly specific nature has less devoted to the study of collective violence; With its rich forms (war, revolution, genocide and others), mass violence have received extensive attention in many areas, but obviously not enough in the field of social contention. Therefore, the perspective this research focus on the mass violence in the grassroots social contention and attend to explain the logic in two dimensions--violence ecology and interactive scenario.On mass violence, researchers from multiple perspectives carry on the discussion of the role of different elements, and proposed theoretical model with heterogeneous nature, such as the behavioral paradigm, typical structure paradigm, conceptual paradigm and relationship paradigm. These theoretical models provide us with hints to observe and understand the underlying logic of mass violence in social contention. However, because of their excessive concern in certain aspects or elements, it impossible for us to obtain a whole interpretation framework of the generation of mass violence by anyone of them. Moreover, these paradigms are inclined to focus on the numbers of the mass, emphasize the role of their social status, emotional deduction, behavior models, organization and mobilization in the generation of violence, while largely ignoring other actors in the scenario who occupy an important position and in close association with mass violence, such as the government, police, the media and etc.This research will firstly provide a definition of mass violence in the grassroots social contention, and on the basis of analyzing and carding existing theory, points out they are generated via at least two processes:consensus mobilization process in macroscopic ecology and behavioral mobilization process in microcosmic scenario, the former involves social structure, political opportunity, control mechanisms; while the latter relates to the emotional logic, behavior and the relationship between actors. This double mobilization process in two dimensions is our core of explanation. The phenomenon of mass violence in the grassroots social contention should be traced to the root of social violence ecology, therefore, we will explore how this violence ecology in the society creates a belief that their problems need to be solved with violence and violence could really play this role. The formation of this belief is the process of violence consensus mobilization. Influenced by social structure conditions,the contentious groups formed consensus with the core of resentment accumulation, and to complete the process of activation and strengthening of identity boundary.Violence ecology play its role in a general way, while the violent outburst is a result of interaction between actors in a specific scenario under its impact. So we will focus on the characteristics of the contentious groups, and its interaction with other actors to find out the tipping point of mass violence. The microscopic conversion from social contention to violence is reached by behavior mobilization, in this process, the protesters groups and behavior target, police, the media and other factors are interactive, stimulate and strengthen its organization, rational and emotional attributes, finally realizes the conversion from conception to violence.