The Study Of Differentiantion Assistance Targeting To Urban Minumum Living Relief Families

Accompanied with the transformation in the mode of socialsecurity worldwide, and the rise of the Western welfare state"targeting" policy, Shanghai, as China’s first city to establish aminimum living standard security system, has started to explore thedifferentiation assistance targeting in early90’s in order to enhancethe accuracy of social assistance. Along with the improvement ofthe social and economic development as well as requirements onthe level of social assistance, the policy has appeared to beinadequate from the perspective of social assistance level andcoverage. Therefore, the research on the Shanghai Urban PoorFamilies social assistance targeting is becoming especially urgent.In order to figure out the question, this paper builds a newtheory structure based on the theory of social needs and goalmatching, in which social needs can be regarded as the foundationwhile goal matching as the method. Then we make a detailedintroduction of differentiation assistance policy in Shanghai andsome representative developed countries such as United States, Sweden, Japan and Singapore. Finally, the article selects15variables from four angles(family characteristics, demographiccharacteristics, revenue structure and expenditure structure) on thebasis of the above theoretical framework by the method of clusteranalysis, factor analysis, chi-square test and the neural networkmodel. Then we come to the following conclusions: the relativelylow social assistance level, backward ideas compared to westerncounties, negative incentives, moral hazard, transaction costs,humiliated sense and some other question should be avoided andthe new form of poor families.Through theory analysis and model testing, the classificationtargeting method this paper chooses is reasonable and scientific. Wecame to a conclusion that differentiation assistance targeting shouldnot only be able to reduce and alleviate poverty, but also to be ableto improve poverty alleviation ability of the poor communities.