From The Village, The Ancient Site To See The Ancient Chinese Grass-roots Autonomous Governance Of Public Affairs

With the traditional model of a single central supply of public goods, government increasingly shows its drawbacks.1980s, Western society set off a wave of wave of reform marked by the launching of the new public management movement. Government-led, control of social management mode is broken. The reform advocates a variety of social subjects to jointly participate in the management of society, the establishment of a pluralistic, participatory mode. Elinor Ostrom, through the study of common pool resource governance issues reveals the flexible and efficient advantage of the self-governance. Recently, self-governance has become a trend of social development. China from a planned economy to the reform and opening up the practice is actually a change,in which government has gradually decentralized, rights back to the citizens and the concept of "small government, big society" deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.The ancient Chinese society has a good tradition of village self-governance, and rich experience of village self-governance. This paper selects the ancient Dangjia villiage in Hancheng as a typical trying to restore the original appearance of Dangjia villiage self-governance of the village public affairs in the history,analysing deeply the situation of Dangjia villiage self-governance.Then the paper explores the characteristics of self-governance of local public affairs in ancient China by the personality starting to seek common. Finally, this paper is to identify the factors that can provide a reference for the modern local self-governance for the current practice.In this paper, the sight of the self-governance as the starting point. Analysis follows the ideas of "Empirical research-Theoretical analysis-Lessons from". The full text is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. The second part is the related theories and the definition of concepts of self-governance of local public affairs.This part describes the evolution of self-governance theory and the theory itself and defines the concepts of local public affairs and self-governance. The third part is the self-governance model analysis for Dangjia villiage public affairs.This part describes the basic situation of Dangjia villiage in the history and the status of self-supply and independently carry out for infrastructure, defense facilities, education, culture.It analyses the operation mechanism of Dangjia villiage self-governance of the village public affairs in the history by the self-setting mechanism of power, the guidance mechanism of morality, decency and propriety, the constraints and punishment mechanism of Village Regulations in three areas and explores the reasons why Dangjia villiage local self-government carried out effectively from geographical and kinship factors, cultural and educational factors, institutional factors.The fourth part is to understand the basic characteristics of local public affairs self-governance in ancient China from the Dangjia villiage in the history,which includs that acquaintances society characterized by self-governance of local public affairs in ancient China,the institutional system is an effective way for independent governance of local public affairs of ancient China,the establishment of the Ethics is the core of self-governance of local public affairs in ancient China. The contents of the fifth part is that ancient local self-governance model of public affairs provide reference for local self-governance in China today,which are at follows. Firstly,it describes the necessity for the current local self-governance. Secondly,it analyses the conditions of local self-government in our country at this stage.On one way, the formation and development of a large number of non-governmental organizations provides organization basis for local self-governance.On the other way, traditional Confucianism in China creates the environment to support self-government. Thirdly, it proposes three ways to promote local self-governance in China. Government changes its role, promotes the development of civil society organizations, promotes the "rule of virtue", nurture and enhance the spirit and capacity of the citizen’s self-government.