"gold" Word Group Study

The "gold"cluster is aggregation regarding"gold"as the semantic symbol and morpheme of words.In this paper, based on the synchronic and diachronic planes, we do some comprehensive and systemtic research on the aspects of semantic strcture,culture and comparison with related polymerizations.This paper is divided into four chapters.The introduction mainly covers the research significance, the object of the research,research status and the sourse of the corpus used in this article.The first chapter conducts an investigation of syntax of the"gold" cluster.The grammatic features of it are as following.Position of the morpheme "gold"in the disyllabic compound words has a major impact on the part of disyllabic compound words;in three-syllable compound words the number of "2+1" pattern words and the "1+2" pattern words has great disparity; compared with the ancient Chinese, the proportion of three-syllable words in compound words increases in modern Chinese,showing the three-tone trend of the modern Chinese; idioms into a number of joint-style idioms and non-joint-style close to,the former mainly for partial structure, the latter mainly as subject-predicate structure, overall to modifier-head structure idioms.Second chapter focuses on semantics analysis of the "gold" cluster from a combinatorial perspective, the combination ability of the meanings(sense) of "gold"in the ancient and modern Chinese word formation is different, combinations of semantic categories is also somewhat different, some meaning in ancient Chinese is no longer in the combined words in morden Chinese, nor was included by the <Modern Chinese Dictionary>, but still reflected in some individual inheritance words; words combination analysis from some dictionary does not induce meanings; the meanings of "gold" decrease, at the same time new meaning is added as the new words created.From the perspective of polymerization,most semantic change happened on the inheritance words in "gold" cluster;"gold"cluster and semantic categories also change, some semantic categories disappeared completely. Through the research, we believe that the above changes are the result of social development, cognitive progress and the concept of change and language development.The third chapter examines the cultural significance containied in"gold"cluster, including the three aspects:on the material culture aspect, the"gold"cluster emerged in the ancient handicraft and commercial development, reflecting the aspects of people’s social life such as diet, clothing and so on; on the regime hierarchy aspect, reflecting the ancient fortified; on the spiritual culture aspect, the "gold"cluster reflects the values of the ancients, the ancient concept of five elements, and religious ideologies.The fourth chapter is about comparative study of the"gold"cluster and "jade" cluster and "silver" and "copper"cluster and "iron"cluster. Most same points are between the "gold"cluster and "jade" cluster, words’comparability is strongest;There are a lot words refers to money the and laudatory in"gold"cluster and "silver", but the situation that cluster asymmetry and with"gold"while without "silver"in things names,"gold"and"silver"cluster sort are successively to some extent reflects people psychological concept that they value gold but belittle silver"; a sharp contrast shows in the color sense and rhetoric significance in"gold"cluster and"iron"and"copper" clusters, resulting differences on composite object and color meaning.Finally, the conclusion summarizes the achievements, insufficient in the research in the field of research and the prospect of the forther research.