Ming Dynasty Nine Border Studies

The Ming Dynasty Nine is a hot topic in this academic research history, the history and geography scholars study a priority area. Indeed, the Nine as the Ming Dynasty on the North anti barrier is also an important watershed of the pastoral economy, involving political, economic, military, diplomatic, legal and other aspects including the Ming Dynasty, in the time span, with the rise and fall of the Ming Dynasty, accompanied by Nine of study is History of the Ming can not be ignored. Captivity as a mark on the nine-edge along the inside and outside access system is not only the vectors on the Ming frontier defense system, Foreign Policy, is a systemic issue in the nine-edge research. This systemic one in content, broad trivial, First, changes in the institutional evolution of insight into the Ming Dynasty Nine captivity rheological new perspective, and this is also in this article studied the difficulty lies.Long periods of perspective,"next Record","Ming dynasty would be typical,""big Sacrificial" Ming history and other basic historical system combing the basis off ban of the composition of elements, such as through customs instruments feudal officials in settings such as an overall inspection. The results obtained, the the captivity formation is closely linked with the North anti-policy of the Ming Dynasty, while Nine directly established the prototype of captivity system. However, the Ming Dynasty captivity system is not static, accompanied by a series of changes in border areas, timely and appropriate to made to evolve and adapt, mainly showing (1368-1448), Hongwu-Civil Change, civil change-before Khanh (1449-1566), the Khanh later (1567-1644), three large periods of development context. To arrive at the Ming Guan ban system is accompanied by its frontier defense policy, controlled more or less favorable to the frontier defense of the changing situation and needs of the rulers to make timely changes.Secondly, based on the historical and the messenger of the Ming Dynasty, and according to the captivity of the composition of the contents of their specific operation of division to the entry, exit, border trade, prohibited four types of standards, the initial nine border forbidden content study, they investigated the contents of the tribute, while outsiders allegiance or returned to the acceptance and placement of tribute resorted to off returning the mark of the Ming Dynasty, the territory of personnel out of the material goods, border trade between form and content, viscosity, and prohibited checkers punishment and so on. In addition, different regions, different objects, and combined with the analysis of the case, draw the captivity content in the development of space-time both regional and time characteristics.Finally, the study analyzed the management and operation of the nine border ban, combined with border policy, military defense, the Ming tributary system, burning and other details of the police inquiry, a more comprehensive study between captivity and border security contact Come to the captivity of the Ming Dynasty is a territory management, aims to seek its border security control within the system outside the Ming Dynasty in the frontier defense strategy defense embodied. In addition, ethnic relations in the border defense system is important Ming court through the national distribution of the nine edge line investigated three different ethnic groups of the Ming Dynasty government policy measures, political special care, the military garrison, economic and Jimi. Different basis for the exchange of the main analysis of the political elite and non-governmental exchanges under the operation of the captivity of ethnic relations, draw off the ban is only on the implementation of the system level, the improvement of ethnic relations is limited, in essence, is still the popular Ming Dynasty border strategy.