| Cultural hegemony is a deep reflection of Gramsci’s adhere tothe practice of philosophy based on the function of ideology andculture. Gramsci insist that the superstructure can be divided intopolitical society and civil society, political society is determined bysocial economic, it is prone to change, but civil society are relativelystable. Capitalist society has been able to remain stable, because thebourgeois obtained the rights to cultural leadership in the civil society,firmly in control of the whole society.To win the victory of therevolution, proletarian must carry out a revolution to obtain culturalhegemony in the ideological field, and must by way of "organicintellectuals" in the "civil society" through "trench warfare" to obtainthe right to cultural leadership. On the basis of Gramsci, the FrankfurtSchool developed a theory of culture industry, criticism of thebourgeois social thought control through media-based cultureindustry, resulting in the capitalist society become one-dimensionalsociety,people become one-way in the human sense of people.To win victory in the leadership of the cultural revolution is thethought of Gramsci’s road to socialism in Western Europe, butWestern Europe did not take to the road of Gramsci’s thought ofcultural leadership. Gramsci’s cultural leadership in WesternEuropean society faced with science and technology as the basis ofthe cultural industries, cultural industry shaped into a singlecommunity of people, of bourgeois science and technologyadvantages constantly strengthening "positional warfare" of culturalhegemony, public intellectuals of bourgeois ideology in digestion of the proletariat in the field of organic molecules.Gramsci’s culturalleadership and win the basis of unification, leading force in thesethree elements are not sufficiently developed, this is the social causesof lack of leadership of the proletarian culture in Western Europe.Chinese cultural construction in modern times has made manyachievements, but also quite a few detours, Seventeen sessions of sixCCP plenary conferences adopted the decision of “Promoting thegreat development and flourishing of culture ". Cultural hegemony issignificant importantance in this context. We need cultural diversityof civil society in improving the system of cultural and intellectualforce of organic composition,political democratization in the contextof Socialist core value system of universal values and ideologiesshould end,consolidating proletarian ideology of "positions",and thecause of "wheeled" form of "positions" in the context of economicglobalization, and enhance the country’s cultural soft power, effectiveresponse to the challenge of Chinese cultural industry of Westernculture, maintaining Chinese ideological security. |
