Russian Four Valence Verbs Semantic Syntactic Research

Verb in any language occupies an important position, especially in Russian. Thispaper takes valency theory as the background and Russian tetravalent verbs as the unitof analysis, analyzing the relationships between the semantic structures and the verbmeanings of tetravalent verbs, the relationships between the semantic structures andsyntactic structures, and the relationships between semantic valency and syntacticpattern.First of all, the paper introduces the emergence and development of valency theory,and briefly describes the different points of view of theoretical studies at home andabroad. Then, the author makes a brief introduction to some basic concepts of thesemantic valency.According to Moscow Semantic School’s valence theory, this research analyses therealtionships between the semantic valency of tetravalent verbs and its syntactic pattern,the semantic valence’s restrictive function to semantic category of noun which isconsidered as syntactic thematic. It is known that the semantics is a kind of attribute andthe syntax is a kind of ralation. The semantics is hidden and the syntax is dominant, butit exists the inextricable link between the syntax and the semantics. The semanticvalence of a predicate verb may not be totally reflected on the syntax, but this does notaffect the identification of semantic valence of verbs. This research describes thesyntactic patterns by using a great deal of example sentences in several sub-categoriesof tetravalent verbs.Through the analysis of Russian tetravalent verbs, we can reveal their internalsemantic mechanism, as well as their influences on the surface syntactic structure ofsentence being made up of verbs.The research of the paper has better linguistic values to semantics, lexicography, andlexicology, providing linguistic materials for corpus linguistics and mechanicaltranslation.