Lushan North Slope Of Soil Characteristics And Classification System

The soil classification is the response of the level of soil science, the basis of soil survey mapping and agricultural technology transform, and the communication medium of soil science at home and abroad. With the contradiction of population and land becoming increasingly prominent, it should be a reasonable use of land resource to increase its carrying capacity and strengthen ecological protection to alleviate the contradiction, which can not be separated from the soil classification. In the current information age, a quantitative, standardized and international soil classification is the requirement of the times.Nowdays, by field survey, physical and chemical of characteristics analysis of the soil, many scholars have established the soil soil stematic classification of the mountains of Qinling, Taishan, Jinggangshan, but no scholars have established the systematic classification on the mountain of Lushan. Therefore, on the basis of the previous experience, I choose ten typical profiles of different altitudes on the north slop of Lushan mountain as the research object, by analyzing the physical and chemical characteristics of the colour, the base ions, particle size, cation exchange capacity, free iron, complexation iron, active iron, organic carbon, total nitrogen the element on the basis of the keys of Chinese Soil Taxonony (the revised scheme),and to establish the soil system classification of the Lushan mountain, The results indicate that:1. The main physical and chemical charaeteristies vary regularly:the soil mechanical composition is the powder-based, the content of clay decreases with rising of the altitude, the development degree of soil in low altitude is better than that in high altitude, the Argic horizon emerges blow the altitude of1000meters; the content of organic matter is enrichment, the content of organic carbon of epipedon is generally30g/kg-40g/kg, while the content of organic carbon increases with increasing of altitude, and in the altitude of1279meters, the soil has the maximum content organic carbon; the content of total nitrogen and organic carbon in variation tendency is consistent, the correlation of which is0.90or above; The soils appear acidic or strongly acidic, the pH decreases appreciably and the acid increases with increasing of altitude;The content of the soil base cations is less, and salt base saturation is less than50%.Which indicats the soil leaching role is stronger; most soils have the higher content of free iron and the free degree is more than40%, which shows that the soil is with iron features; the content of SiO2. Al2O3and Fe2O3of the soil body are all relatively stable and the content of SiO2is highest, the total of SiO2、Al2O3and Fe2O3occupy92%of the mineral parts, the sequence of mineral elementals is:SiO2> Al2O3> Fe2O3> K2O> MgO> CaO.2. According to Chinese Soil Taxonony (the revised scheme), the Diagnostic surfaces are Ochric epipedon and Umbric epipedon. The Diagnostic subsurfaces are Cambic horizon, Argic horizon and LAC-Argic horizon. The Diagnostic Characteristics are Soil temperature regimes, Soil moisture regimes, Iron characteristics and Base saturation.3. The soils are divided into3Orders,6Suborders,6Groups and6Subgroups in Soil Taxonomy:According to natural environment and soil characteristics of Lushan mountain, the soil vertical zone strcture of north slope Lushan mountain is Acidic-Ferric-UdicCambisols+Ordinary-Ferric-UsticLuvisols+Ordinary-Argic-UsticF errisols(<300m)�'Ordinary-Ferric-UdicCambisols(300-800m)�'Ordinary-Ferric-Udi cLuvisols+Ordinary-Ferric-UdicCambisols(800-1000m)�'Ferric-Acidic-PerudicCam bisols+Ordinary-Ferric-UdicCambisols(1000-1400m).4. Soil system classification is based the genesis theory and the boundaries roughly identify with each other, both of which are closely related. Soil classification system is more objective and more specific.