Based On Wireless Sensor Network Transformer Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Positioning System

High voltage electrical equipments usually work under the condition of high electric field. The effectiveness of the insulating material in high voltage electrical equipments declines during the operation caused by the impact of discharge, high temperature, humidity, the oxidizing and many environmental factors. And the aging of the material would only get worse as time goes by. The insulating performance can only be improved by replace new material. Under the action of high voltage, a partial discharge will happen in a certain area in which the insulating performance is extremely deteriorated.In this article, an online monitoring system for detecting and locating the partial discharges using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) was studied.The main results are as follows:1. The principle and the category of partial discharges were studied. The physical phenomenon that appears with partial discharges was discussed and compared. The studies conducted by domestic and foreign researchers were compared.2. The theory of locating the position of partial discharge was studied. The structure of system was designed.3. A set of small ultrasonic wireless sensor network was designed in this paper. The ultrasonic signal that generated by partial discharge can be detected by the system and limited amount of data can be transferred in the network.4. Time synchronization of different nodes was realized based on SimpliciTI stack so that the arrive time of acoustic wave can be obtained.5. A hardware system was designed to amplify the signal came out of ultrasonic sensors, compare the signal with a certain limitations and prolong the duration of pick time.6. Designed a software system on windows based computers using object oriented software design method that can collect data from wireless sensor network, store it in database and calculate the3D location of the partial discharge.7. Designed calculation software for calculating the3D coordinate of partial discharge based on ALGLIB.8. Experiments were conducted in a simulated environment and result showed the system was able to measure the location coordinate within an error of7cm. The analysis shows that main error caused by the time synchronization errors.