The Struggling Of Conservation And Preservation In The Early20th Century

The dissertation intends to give an overview on the struggling betweenConservation and Preservation in the early20th century. The full text has four parts: thepreface, the main body, the conclusion and the references.First of all, the preface traces the important concepts involved in this article,analyzes the status of research in this area, and points out the reason why I choose thetopic for this article as well as the corresponding methods in research.Besides, thepreface further summarizes the academic value and practical significance of this article.Chapter One analyzes the social background of the resource protection in the early20th century of the USA. It analyzes the American Westward Movement and theDevelopment of the West, waste of resources and environmental damage, the loss ofwilderness and people’s cognitive of the value of wilderness in19th century respectively.Chapter Two discusses two different ideas about conservation existed in the U.S inthe early20th century: Conservation and Preservation. The first two sections introducethe representatives of two ideas as well as their main stories separately,and thendiscussed the main views of the two schools of thought, and make appropriateevaluation of it. The third section points out the same points and differences of the twotypes of protection thought.Chapter Three focuses on the controversy between Conservation and Preservation,and analyzes the main content, the essence, the results of the controversy respectively.The Conclusion of the article summarizes the controversy of Conservation andPreservation in the early20th century and concluded that the both sides believe that theprotection of natural resources is a necessary measures, but the two sides has differentview about the purpose of protection. Conservationist were so aware of the fact thatnatural resources are finite and a lot of natural resources was wasted, some wascontrolled in private hands and was squandered largely that they proposed conservationof natural resources,take control of resources by public hands, and use science naturalresources effectively. Preservationists based on aesthetics, religion, and entertainment toencourage people protect nature and keep the original wild condition of the nature. The results of the controversy ended in the victory of conservationists. One reasonis that the utilitarian resources protectionism of Pinchot conform to the requirements ofrapid economic development in the United States was in line with the interests of theruling class, it can be said to conform to a certain extent, the trend of historicaldevelopment. On the other hand, Preservationists from the aesthetic and religious pointof view the protection of thought has also been a lot of support, but it is too idealistic,also failed to meet the demands of economic development, and Preservationiststheirselves there are the major limitations: First, they do not have a professionalorganization. Second, their difficulty in raising funds. Third their demands did not getthe support of political figures with the final decision. Outcome of this struggle in asense, the political consequence of the operation.