The South Manchuria Railway Survey Of Institutional Evolution And Role

In1907, the government of Japan established South Manchuria Railway Corporation (referred to as S. M.) to manage Manchuria. Seemingly it was an incorporated company, but in essence it was affected by the Japanese government dominated colonial institutions, named "National Policy Corporaion". During the process of Japan invaded China, S. M. played a significant role. Whether military material or rail transport, it afforded the full support and cooperation. In addition, it also provides intelligence support for the war of aggression against China.Goto Shimpei, according to years of experience to colony Taiwan and" the loaded weapon" thought, set up a research department at Dalian Department. The evolution of it was composed of steady development during1907-1931. Due to the little effect of Japanese government and military, the research department make scientific and foundational survey, cooroany achievement of the survey during this period laid foundation for Japanese aggression and expansion. The second stage is to enlarge development in1931-1941. The main activity was to sever for cooperating the aggression. At this time, the research department not only offered the necessary information, but also gave advice and suggestions. The last stage seemed as Rays fell didn’t. This period of the poll has weakened when experienced the two arrests. So it didn’t wait until Japan surrendered, already lose the value of its existence. It studies the internal and occupy an important position, and the railway, coal mines, local products as the four pillars of the South Manchurian Railway company. The survey became enormous, such as The east Asian economic FBI established in1908, Historical GeographyResearch Department, Central Research Institute, Institute of geological survey and so on. Although they had differen names and t activities, as the S. M. Survey Organization, the purpose was to service for the Japanese government and benefit.This article mainly discusses the change of organization system, guidelines and survey content in Dalian investigation department of S. M. during1907-1945. By the systematic arrangement and analysis, I probe into different period investigation department organization, policy and the general task of investigation. Through the study on this problem, I can more comprehensively and objectively research the evaluation of the department the South Manchurian Railway Company. Also more clearly recognize the nature of South Manchurian Railway Company, whether is" the development of Manchuria" or" aggression against Manchuria". At the same time, by researching the studies of investigating department could better understand the truth of Japan Aggressed against China, and reveals the essence of Japanese invasion.