The Study Of Same-Morpheme And Contrary-Order Synonym In Comtemporary Chinese

This article is an exhaustive and quantitative research on the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym in "The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary"5th edition, which is mainly study on the structure, semantics, pragmatics, dynamics development of norms. Meanwhile, in order to make the description more comprehensive and the conclusions more accurate, we also choose other tow dictionary as a reference and supplement. The main part of the article is divided into five chapters, involving the definition of the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym, the relations and characteristics of the external syntax structure, the description and analysis of the semantic, the statistics on the pragmatic situation, and finally, these words’dynamic development and the specification.The definition of the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym is the first step. The definition start from the four aspects of the "same-morpheme","order synonym","word","synonyms", and then we will determine which are the words we need. In addition to a definition, we also decline the scope of the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym, in order to exclude the wrong words.On the grammatical structure, the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym can be classified as homogeneous and heterogeneous. The homogeneous is362groups, accounting for87.86%, while the heterogeneous is50groups, accounting for12.14%. The homogeneous contains three types and the heterogeneous contains nine. The structure has two main characteristics, firstly, the homogeneous is dominant, and secondly, the combined type structure is more than other structures. The reason is mainly related to the development of two-syllable words and vocabulary structure’s own limitations. And the other structures’existence is mainly because of the significance of structural relationship.We plan to describe semantics start form the rational meaning, the color meaning, the grammatical meaning. On the rational meaning,256groups synonym have the same meanings,156groups have the similar meanings. In the statistics of the parts of speech,98.30%of the synonyms are Verb, Noun,6group Adverb and one Preposition. There are only two differences in the Color meaning, the Style of Language and the Local Color. At the same time, the combined structure has a dominant position in these words. From this perspective, the compound words in combined structure maybe easy to have two orders, but the actual inspection shows that most of compound words in combined structure do not have Contrary-Order forms, that is mainly due to the limitation of the combinations rules.The Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym are very similar in the semantic, but the frequency of using is extremely uneven. According to statistics,272groups of the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym are very different in frequency of using, representing about86.90%of the total. Form analyzing of these high-frequency words, we find that these words have some characteristics in voice, semantics and structure. And these characteristics also affect people’s choices.The Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym have their own dynamic changes and development in Modern Chinese. The last chapter is to compare the Same-Morpheme and Contrary-Order Synonym collecting form "The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary"1th-5thedition. In the end, we roughly summarize five kinds developments, that is, stably existing in the Modern Chinese, originally only one form but later two forms were, originally two forms are present but later one phased out, the two forms have been eliminated at last, a particular phenomenon. Overall, the development of these words is a steady increase while eliminated in part.