Human Beings’ Free And Overall Development Of Frankfurt School And Its Contemporary Inspiration

Free and overall development of human kind, is both the highest theoretical value of Marxism theory, and the ultimate problem to be solved in the development of human society. The development of politics, economy and culture of human society depends on the liberation degree that humans can achieve under social condition of that time. From Aristotle to Marx, from Marx to youngest theorist, every wise person, carrying this kind of humanistic feelings, tries to do theoretical and practical quest about the question of humans’life forms and existence value.As a main branch of Western Marxism, Frankfurt School founded an open and broad social criticism theory. Max Horkheimer and Adomo built the broad framework of Frankfurt School’s social criticism theory, by using the criticism theory and Negative Dialectics as the dimension. Herbert Marcuse and Erich Fromm deeply analyzed more profound dissimilation and being ruled people suffered in the late stage of capitalism, starting from inner mechanism of human kind. Jurgen Habermas reviewed the criticism theory of the whole school and then put forward the theory of displacing working by exchange and rebuilding historical materialism. From text studying we could know that the key which runs through these theories is scholars’ tireless pursuit towards human beings’free and overall development from this school and their humanistic feelings. As holding the radical criticism theory, thinkers of Frankfurt School want to construct comprehensive criticism towards modern social life on one hand, and on the hand keep self-examining their own criticism theory in accordance with the require of methodology of Marxist dialectic. This kind of criticism and self-examining towards criticism theory not only shows that scholars of Frankfurt School endeavor to defend and ingeniously develop the true knowledge of Marxism, but also makes the theory of this school full of tension and thus labels Frankfurt School "Marxism" in a sense.Chinese socialist construction and development has come to a new historical period. The proposing of Scientific outlook on development signifies that there are some changes in Chinese political direction. The changes, which include paying more attention to "people foremost" while emphasizing economic achievement, proposing of livelihood issues, and implement of security polices, are made to realize people’s freedom and rights, and to offer more broad space for people’s comprehensive development. In the future social development, many problems will be faced and tackled with. And how to realize people’s free and overall development is the problem we have to solve in current socialist construction. In-depth study of the idea about people’s free and overall development from Frankfurt School has important theoretical and practical value in understanding reality of Marxism, uncovering drawbacks of capitalism, correcting faults in Chinese society and guiding social development in future.