Research On The Development And Changes Of Qianzhuang From Qing Dynasty To The Republic Of China

Qianzhuang was China’s unique financial organization, its birth、 development and decline had across the ancient and the modern periods. It played an important role in the process of socio-economic、the lives of people and the commercial modernization. Qianzhuang was one of the most representative forms of business in China’s financial sector development, and it occupies an indispensable position in the financial history and even economic history, as well as the transition from traditional economic to the modernization.This passage do some Multidisciplinary comprehensive study on Qianzhuang. I primarily use the methods of traditional history. For example:I use the data from some classical historical books nationwide,use the records in local history for some areas, together with the Ming and Qing Dynasty novels as secondary evidence. All I do above is try to demonstrate the origin and development context of Qianzhuang more clearly. Furthermore, the economics thinking is also discussed in my paper.I do the research on Qianzhuang through supply、demand、market and type of business, and I use the historical data of the Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of China to make some charts in order to analyze more detailed and deepen; I also make a statement of the social background, combined with the specific situation of Qianzhuang.Through the use of the above research methods and the collection of the historical materials, I make the research of Qianzhuang extended in a certain extent.Though the method of "reasoning in reverse chronological order ",I draw the conclusion that Qianzhuang was born from Qianyeshangpu. Since the Ming Dynasty, Qianyeshangpu began to appear and developed gradually. To the mid-term of Qing,Qianyeshangpu gradually developed into the new forms of business organizations:Qianzhuang. Since then other Qianyeshangpu learned from Qianzhuang to broaden their type of business, the "Fanqianzhuang" formation emerged.Furthermore, I choose historical data of different years as the basis to sort out the Qianzhuang change context, and I elaborate nationwide universality and particularity of the local in order to lee the description of the change process more clear and comprehensive.At last, the overall study of Qianzhuang, mainly focused on the number of Qianzhuang and capital considerations of Qianyeshangpu. From this study which covered the whole country、all regions and every province,I try to find a little law of the development of Qianzhuang and even the change of China’s financial industry. Further in-depth analysis of Shanxi Province, summarize the changes in different parts of Shanxi before the mid-Republic of China, I figure that the developed degree of Qianzhuang in Shanxi was far more than the surrounding, even more than the well-developed provinces in the eastern part. Not only that, in Shanxi Province, Qianzhuang in the Early Republic of China were mainly in rural areas of the county range, then gradually turned to the city.