| BackgroundHuman gliomas are one of the most common intracranial primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system.The incidence has the characteristic of "three high and one low",namely, which means the high incidence、the high mortality、the high recurrence and the low cure rate.According to the degree of malignancy,gliomas are generally divided into low grade gliomas (low-grade glioma, LGG) and high grade glioma (High-grade glioma, HGG).Grade Ⅲ、Ⅳ gliomas are regarded as malignant gliomas by the classification standard of WHO (2000).Nowadays,the treatment of operation is the main remedial method.But because of gliomas are usually invasive growth,the division with normal brain tissue is commonly not clear,It is very difficult to cut off the gliomas completely.Thus the postoperative treatment often need the combined chemotherapy or radiotherapy.Even so,the biological characteristics of gliomas often decide that it is impossible to avoid the recurrence of gliomas.Therefore,in-depth study of the pathogenesis of glioma can improve the level of diagnosis and treatment,prolong the survival time of patients.And the recurrence factors of glioma were analyzed to explore the appropriate treatment measures,which may have reduced brain gliomas recurrence rate,improve the quality of life of patients,and has certain social significance and economic value.ObjectiveThe etiology of human gliomas are connected with a plurality of abnormal gene expression or inhibition.The mammalian target of rapamycin (mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR) is an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase, which is also an important signal transduction molecule. Survivin is one of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, which is usually only expressed in tumor or some embryonic organization. Survivin has a good specificity, and has the relationship with tumor cell proliferation and invasion metastasis. This purpose of the experiment is to determine the expression level of mTOR and survivin in glioma tissues of human brain, and to analyze the relationship of mTOR with the malignancy and prognosis of gliomasMaterials and MethodsIn the study,gliomas tissues from71patients (40males and31females,average age of44.09±12.06years,rang11±68age), which were prospectively collected from the neurosurgery the of the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university,According to the pathological examination,the pathological grade of glioma specimens of7cases were in grade I,14cases of grade11,22cases in grade Ⅲ,28cases of grade IV.Grade I and II of the glioma are combined to low grade group.Grade III and IV of the glioma are combined to high grade group,.Another10cases normal brain tissue of patients who were underwent the decompression as the result of the brain traumas as control group.The semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry (Envision method) were used to detect the expression intensity of mTOR and survivin.Finally,χ2test and Fisher exact were considered the appropriate methods to calculate the difference between normal brain tissue and low grade malignancy group, low grade malignancy group and high grade malignancy group.Furthermore,Spearman rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation between mTOR and survivin. ResultsmTOR and Survivin were located in the nucleus or cytoplasm,which showed diffuse distribution and yellow,brown granulesin for positive expression in tumor cells.The positive rate of grade I and II of mTOR in all glioma were37.14%(13/35) and the positive rate of grade III and IV of mTOR were69.44%(25/36) of grade III and IV.The positive rate of grade I and II of survivin in all glioma were40.00%(14/35) and the positive rate of grade III and IV of survivin were66.67%(24/36) of grade III and IV.While the mTOR and Survivin in normal brain tissue had no expression.According to the statistical results of x2test and Fisher exact probability, the expression of mTOR in glioma are significantly higher than that in low grade gliomas,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01)),the intensity of survivin expression increased with the malignant degree of glioma and the significantly. the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).ConclusionsThe malignant degree of mTOR signal pathway have the relation with the expression of human gliomas.The expression magnitude of the mTOR in high grade gliomas than in low grade gliomas.The expression magnitude of survivin in glioma malignant also increased with the increased grade malignancy of gliomas.According to the research,mTOR and Survivin have the correlation,which also have important significance in glioma.Thus,it can be inferred that mTOR and Survivin may have the important role in the development of. gliomas. the corresponding single or combination of targeted therapy can be considered to give in clinical in order to promote and improve the effect of treatment. |
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