| AimsColon cancer is one of clinical common life threatening malignant tumors, it happened following the organization order of "normal mucosa-adenoma-adenocarcinoma ", called by colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In our common malignant tumors, the incidence of colon cancer is fifth, and it is increasing year by year. The cancer stem cell theory proposed recently says that cancer stem cells own the ability of self-renewal, unlimited proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation. What’s more, they are activated cells of tumors, and may be the seed and source of malignant tumors. Only targeted therapy of cancer stem cell can cure tumor finally. This theory provides a new direction for prevention and treatment of cancer. Deubiquitinating enzyme gene (USP22) is a new identified member of the cancer stem cell markers family. At present, USP22has been found that it plays an important role in DNA transcription, cell transformation and cell cycle progression, which has become a hot spot of stem cell research. Nanog is the most important transcription factor recently found in the embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which plays a key role in the maintenance of ESCs self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. the high expression of Nanog is found in a variety of tumors. At present, the USP22, Nanog and reported in the colon of little. In the domestic the joint report of USP22and Nanog is rare in colon cancer. The study that expression of USP22and Nanog is detected in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma is to explore the role of them in the development of colon cancer.It provides a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment and judgment of prognosis.Materisls and methods155archived paraffin specimens were selected from surgery or endoscopic resection of the first affiliated hospital of ZhengZhou university between November2010to December2011.All specimens were diagnosed definitely in the department of pathology. Colonic carcinoma take80cases.Colorectal adenoma with atypical hyperplasia take35cases. Another40cases were taken from the adjacent normal tissue of colon cancer. Immunohistochemistry (streptavidin-peroxidase, SP) were used to detect levels of USP22and Nanog gene expression in colorectal cancer, Colorectal adenoma and colorectal normal mucosa tissue, and analysis the level of expression correlated with gender, age, degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of cancer patients as well as the correlation of USP22and Nanog gene expression. Experimental procedures carried out in accordance with the SP kit instructions. The dilution of USP22antibody was1:50, and Nanog antibody was1:100.To do blank control with PBS and positive control with known positive blade. SPSS17.0statistical software was used to analysis of data. Statistical methods were chi-square test and spearman correlation analysis. The inspection level was0.05.Results(1) The positive expression of USP22in normal colonic tissues, colonic adenoma and colonic adenocarcinoma were22.5%,31.4%,55.0%respectively.The expression of USP22in colonic adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than colonic adenoma and normal tissues (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between colonic adenoma and normal tissues (P>0.05).)]; In Dukes’staging, the positive expression rate of A-B table group and C-D table group were respectively43.8%(21/48),71.9%(23/32); The positive expression rate of well-differentiated carcinoma was 38.5%(10/26), and the positive expression rate of poorly-differentiated and moderately-differentiated carcinoma was63.0%(34/54);The positive expression rate of no lymph node metastasis group and lymph node metastasis group were respectively44.9%(22/49),71%(22/31); The positive expression rate of serosal layer within group and serosal layer outside group were respectively30.4%(7/23),64.9%(37/57).The expression of USP22were correlated with Dukes’stage, histological grade, lymphnode metastasis and the depth of tumor invasion (P<0.05), but it was no correlation with the patients’gender and age.(2) The positive expression rate of Nanog in normal colonic tissues, colonic adenoma and colonic adenocarcinoma were17.5%,54.3%,82.5%respectively, and there was statistic significance among groups (P<0.05). In Dukes’staging, the positive expression rate of A-B table group and C-D table group were respectively75.0%(36/48),93.8%(30/32); The positive expression rate of well-differentiated carcinoma was61.5%(16/26),and the positive expression rate of poorly-differentiated and moderately-differentiated carcinoma was92.6%(50/54);The positive expression rate of no lymph node metastasis group and lymph node metastasis group were respectively75.5%(37/49)、93.5%(29/31); The positive expression rate of serosal layer within group and serosal layer outside group were respectively47.8%(11/23)、96.5%(55/57).The expression of Nanog were correlated with Dukes’stage, histological grade, lymphnode metastasis and the depth of tumor invasion (P<0.05), but it was no correlation with the patients’gender and age.(3) There was positive correlation between the expressions of USP22and Nanog in colonic adenocarcinoma tissues.(r=0.509, P<0.01).Conelusions(1) USP22and Nanog may play an important part in the process of colon canceration and adenocarcinoma metastasis.(2) USP22expression was also strongly associated with Nanog expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. (3) Joint detection of USP22and Nanog gene may have important implications for malignant biological behavior judgement of colon cancer. |
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