Evaluation Of Serum Cytokines In Small Cell Lung Cancers And Its Clinical Significance

Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumors, including small cell lung cancer(SCLC) accounts for20%of lung cancer incidence. The initial treatment of patients withSCLC effect, but the tumor is easy to relapse and metastasis, the treatment effect is notideal, its overall five-year survival rate is less than5%. The risk of lung cancer may beassociated with the local conditions of the respiratory tract, such as inflammatory response,and environmental factors. Inflammation of the respiratory epithelium of chronicstimulation, the release of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory chemokines and othersubstances induce the occurrence of lung cancer development. For example: it has nowbeen confirmed due to smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) isa predisposing factor of lung cancer, and also confirmed smokers and lung cancer patientsserum and bronchial lavage fluid cytokines level will change.The biggest challenges faced by the tumor biological treatment for the tumor cellimmune escape. Tumor cells not only through reduced or modulated surface antigen alterimmune status and realize the Fas no functional expression or decreased expression ofFas-mediated apoptosis insensitive. At the same time, the tumor cells secrete cytokines andalso played an important role in tumor recurrence and metastasis of tumor cell-mediatedimmune escape. In addition, the damage and immune function in cancer patients immunedefense inhibit the same impact on their survival rates. With the deepening of cytokineresearch, the growing number of tumor-associated cytokines in the disease process havebeen found, through the evaluation of cytokine changes in the pathological process in manydiseases of the different cell factor signal transduction pathways, cognitive the immunefunction and design a new method of treatment is conducive to the development of newpredictive parameters and diagnostic indicators for severity and the effectiveness oftreatment, and also for promising therapeutic drugs for the development of thecorresponding theoretical basis. Currently, the major researches face to non-small cell lung cancer and screening lessmarkers. cytokine researches for small cell lung cancer reported in the literature is less.Existing cytokine detection method is immunological detection, includingradioimmunoassay method (RIA), immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay test (ELISA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay(ELISPOT), flow-cell detection method (FCM) and molecular biology, gene chip method.The traditional cytokine detection method is relatively backward, cytokine antibody chiptechnology applications similar to the principle of the enzyme immunoassay, the specificcytokine antibody arranged in a predetermined array form and sequence in the carrier chip,the specimens to be tested therewith reaction on the chip, to be scanned, while the computersoftware on the fluorescent signal analysis, to obtain accurate results. Cytokines chip has ahigh-throughput, high specificity, high sensitivity, wide detection range, credible outcome.objective1.To investigate the different changes of cytockines in serum of SCLC.2.The differential cytokines were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay(ELISA) in197SCLC patients,180normal controls, and97phlegmonosis controls.3.To investigates the the relationship between serum cytokines expression withchemosensitivity and prognosis in small cell lung cancer.Materials and methods1.The differential expression cytokines were detected by Reybiotech G6/G7analysisof microarrays in the serum of4SCLC patients,4normal controls and4phlegmonosiscontrols. Furtherly, the differential cytokines were confirmed by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA) in197SCLC patients,180normal controls and97phlegmonosis controls.2. The uPAR expression levels were detected in80cases of patients with SCLCbefore and after chemotherapy using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results1.The levels of4most value biomarkers of SCLC, including Leptin, MSP-a, uPAR,MIP-1b, were significantly higher than the other groups with microaaray screening(P<0.05).2.The ELISA results showed that the uPAR are much higher in SCLC patients than controls, which diagnostic sensitivity and specificity are52.93%and83.36%. The Leptinlevel was significantly higher in SCLC patients who don’t have obviously body weight lost,but no difference in SCLC who have obviously body weight lost comparing with controlgroups. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Leptin are50.11%and86.77%. TheMSP-a and MIP-1level have no difference among three groups.3. The serum level of uPAR expression significantly decreased in post-chemotherapyin patients with small cell lung cancers(P <0.05). Kapan-Meier analysis showed that uPARlevels correlated with the prognosis of patients (P <0.05), the median survival time is13.3months in the group with high uPAR levels(>2.057μg/L), and21.5months in the group withlow level of uPAR(<2.057μg/L).Cox model analysis showed that uPAR may be asindependent prognostic factors to determine the patient survival (P <0.05).ConclusionThe uPAR elevated level is significance of indicating SCLC diagnoses, as well as theLeptin may be associated with SCLC in patients who don’t have changed weight. Theelevated serum uPAR may be a predicte the SCLC poor prognosis, moreover, uPAR asSCLC patients with chemotherapy sensitivity indicator.