The Clinical Applications Of Optical Coherence Tomography In Diabetic Macular Edema

Objective：The purpose of this study was to use spectral domain-optical coherencetomography(SD-OCT) to evaluate the changes of the integrity of the photoreceptor innersegment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and the retinal thickness in patients with diabeticmacular edema (DME), and to analyze the relationship between the changes and the visualacuity.Methods: Retrospective study. We have chosen68patients (126eyes) with diabeticmacular edema (DME) who underwent spectral domain-optical coherence tomographyscans. To observe the morphological changes of photoreceptor IS/OS; And to measure thefoveal macular thickness by using a caliper feature on the SD-OCT instrument with manualcorrection as needed， We determined foveal thickness using both a horizontal and verticalscan through the fovea and then averaged the two values; And to use the macular mappingsoftware to measure the retinal thickness in the division of1mm,3mm,6mm of themacular; Finally, to apply the SPSS17.0software to analyze the the relationship betweenthe index and the visual acuity of the patients.Results: First, the visual acuity has certain negative correlation (-0.232--0.416) with theretina thickness of the nine division of macular in DME patients; Second, the visual acuityhas obvious negative correlation (r=-0.311, P=0.004) with macular foveal thickness(CPT) in DME patients; Third, with the grade of the IS/OS junction increasing, thevision is decreasing. That is, they have a high negative correlation (r=-0.620, P=0.000);Fourth, the vision in different levels and the grade in different groups of the vision all havesignificant differences. Fifth, the macular foveal thickness (CPT) has significant correlationwith IS/OS junction (r=0.436, P=0.000). That is, the more serious of the macular edema,the worse of IS/OS damage in DME patients.Conclusion: This study told us the disruption of the photoreceptor IS/OS junction and theretinal thickness are highly relevant with the visual acuity among patients with DME. It was very significant for us to judge, to prognosis and to follow the changes of the visualacuity in clinical diagnosis and treatment.