The Effect Of Sea Cucumber Cerebroside On The Lipid Metabolism And Glucose Metabolism In Obese Mice

Sea cucumber is an important food and drug resource which contains a varietyof bioactive components. And it is proved to exhibit various biological activities,including antifungal, immunomodulatory, antiviral, anti-tumor and lowering lipid.The cerebroside from sea cucumber is an important second metabolite, and so far thestudy on its biological functions mainly has focused on the antitumor activity. This isthe first paper to study the reducing fat effect of sea cucumber cerebroside in animals.Acaudina molpadioides is a kind of sea cucumber which is widely distributes in ourcountry. In this study, the sea cucumber cerebroside and its hydrolysis long-chainbase are used to investigate their effects on the lipid metabolism and glucosemetabolism in high-fat-diet induced obese mice. Then the mechanism issystematically studied at the level of molecular biology, to provide academicreference for the deep development of marine cererbroside.In this study, the effects of sea cucumber cerebroside and its long-chain base onthe lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism in high-fat-diet induced obese mice areinvestigated firstly. It is found that both SCC and LCB can significantly reduceadipose tissue weight and lipid accumulation in the liver of mice, and effectivelyimprove lipid metabolism in obesity mice. The SCC and LCB also significantlyameliorate the glucose tolerance. The fasting blood glucose index、fasting seruminsulin concentration and HOMA-IR index are all reduced significantly. The resultsturns out that SCC and LCB can effectively improve insulin sensitivity andameliorate insulin resistance.A further study about hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis and lipodieresis isconducted to investigate the mechanism of the SCC interfering in the hepaticmetabolism. On one hand, the results show that the SREBP-1c, FAS and ME mRNAexpression are downregulated by SCC treatment, and the hepatic FAS and ME activities are significantly restrained to a lower level. The results indicate that theSCC can effectively inhibit the hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis, thus it decreaces thehepatic TG concentration. On the other hand, the reduction in the expression ofPPARγ in SCC group inhibits the accumulation of TG in liver.Finally, in order to gain insight into the mechanism of action of SCC effectingadipose tissues, the critical genes expression related to adipose lipid intake,transshipment, adipocyte differentiation, lipogenesis and lipodieresis are examined.VLDL-R and LPL play important roles in the uptake of lipid. The result shows thatthe expressions of those two genes are significantly downregulated by SCC treatment.On the other hand dietary SCC could upregulated the mRNA expression of ATGL,UCP-1and HSL, which are involved in lipid mobilization and fatty acid oxidation. Inconclusion, SCC can reduce adipose tissue weight in the two ways above.This is the first time to systematically study and compare the beneficial effectand mechnism of SCC and LCB on the lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism inhigh-fat-diet induced obese mice. Those findings offer novel and reasonable scientificreference for the deep utilization of sea cucumber cerebroside in the fields ofnutraceuticals and medicines.