Investigation Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome In Hypertensive Patients

Objective:To investigate the relevance rate and risk factors of obstructive sleepapnea-hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）in hypertensive patients. Methods:A total of3391subjects with hypertension were derived from a sampling of the population who visitedhypertensive clinic in People`s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region duringApril1to June30in2009, using questionnaire related to snoring, daytime sleepiness.279subjects with loud snoring and daytime sleepiness, who with or without dumpy neck,micrognathism, hypertrophy tongue, lips cyanosis, were selected to undergopolysomnography for a whole night. OSAHS is defined by clinical symptoms andapnea-hypopnea index (AHI) not less than5per hour. Results:1)The relevance rate ofOSAHS in hypertensive patients was6.7%in total population,10.44%in males and2.97%in females，with a significant difference between males and females(P＜0.01).81.72%(228/279) of suspects had significant obstructive apneas on the polysomnogram.2)The mean age in male OSAHS subjects was younger than that in females(46.55±9.75vs53.06±9.54years old, P＜0.01).3)The highest relevance rate was in subjects aged from31yr to60yr (8.94%). Severe OSAHS proportion in eldly was higher than inothers(67.86%vs37.5%, P＜0.01).4)The relevance rate was7.61%(174/2287) in Hannationality,4.74%(37/780) in the Uygur nationality,4.17%(7/145) in Hazakh,4.17%(6/144)in Hui nationality and11.42%（4/35）in other, with significant difference(χ~2=11.297，P=0.023). The detection rate of OSAHS in hospitalized hypertensive patients was23.52%(194/825),34.34%(148/431) in males and11.68%(46/394) in females respectively. Thedetection rate was6.6%(12/183) in normal weight subjects,22.22%(78/351) inoverweight subjects and36.75%(104/283) in obesity subjects (χ~2=56.736，P＜0.01). Thesevere OSAHS rate in obesity group (16.61%) was significantly higher than that in normalweight group (2.19%) and overweight group (7.69%, χ~2=29.219, P＜0.01). The OSAHSrate was7.83%(9/115) in normal waist circumference group and26.29%(184/700) incentricity obesity group (χ~2=18.623, P＜0.01). The severe OSAHS rate was2.61%(3/115)in normal waist circumference group and10.57%(74/700) in centricity obesity (χ~2=7.32, P＜0.01). The moderate to severe OSAHS rate increased in proportion with BMI increasein female patients (χ~2=6.117，P=0.013) and increased in proportion with BMI and waistcircumference increase in male patients (P＜0.001).Conclusions: The incidence ofOSAHS in hypertensive patients is high. Age, males and obesity further increases themorbidity of OSAHS in hypertensive patients. The relevance rate of OSAHS was differentamong various nationalities.