| Objective:To understand the primary school students’knowledge, attitudes, current behavior and corresponding influencing factors on nutrition and food safety in China’s poverty-stricken areas, in order to provide the basis for implementing health education of nutrition and food safety education.Methods:Study subjects of622pupils who were at4-6grades were extracted by using the multistage sampling method. The information such as family demographic characteristics, students’knowledge-attitude-behavior, as well as the way to acquire knowledge was collected by "KAP questionnaire of nutrition and food safety for4-6grade primary school students" which was made by experts according to "School Health Education Guidelines" issued by the Ministry of Education in2008.In this study, the knowledge consists of the knowledge of nutrition and that of food safety, and the knowledge of nutrition was subdivided into two parts, containing the knowledge of nutrient function and dietary sources, as well as the knowledge of reasonable diet. Both the univariate analysis and the ordinal logistic regression analysis were performed to analysis each part of the knowledge, and total score, score of attitude, score of behavioral; Correlation analysis was carried out among knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The database was established using Epi Data3.1, and the statistical analysis was conducted by use of the software of Excel2003and SPSS13.0.Results:1. The knowledge of nutrition and food safetyThe awareness rates of the knowledge of nutrition and food safety, knowledge of nutrition, knowledge of nutrient function and dietary sources, knowledge of reasonable diet and the knowledge of food safety were, respectively,44.19%,41.56%,27.89%,56.47%and51.75%, and the passing rates of the knowledge of these aspects were9.2%,8.2%,0.5%,49.8%and41.3%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the influencing factors for the score of knowledge included grade, father’s occupation, maternal occupation, their mothers’education level and ethnic, and the ordinal logistic regression analysis suggested that the grade was the influencing factors for the knowledge of nutrition and food safety, knowledge of nutrition, knowledge of nutrient function and dietary sources, and the pupils of grade4had a lower scores, compared to those of grade6, the OR were, respectively,0.49,0.38,0.58and0.40. The ordinal logistic regression analysis also indicated that father’s occupation was the influencing factors for the knowledge of nutrition and food safety, as well as the knowledge of nutrition. The pupils whose fathers were professional and technical personnel had a higher scores, compared those whose fathers were with the occupations of the other fields, the OR were2.90and3.52, respectively. The ordinal logistic regression analysis showed no statistical significance of the knowledge of food safety, so, it was too early to pronounce that the knowledge of food safety was affected by the Independent variables2. The attitude of nutrition and food safetyThe rate of the Positive Attitude Held By of pupils considering the information on food safety which were disseminated by television to be not necessarily reliable was22.6%, and the rate of the Positive Attitude Held of remaining aspects was about80%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the influencing factors for the attitude included score of knowledge, grade, gender, mother’s occupation, fathers’ educational level, and mothers’educational level. The ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors for the attitude consisted of gender, score of knowledge, grade, maternal occupation, and mothers’educational level, and the most pronounced influencing factor was the gender (OR=2.18), the least one was the score of knowledge which was located in the25%lowest group (OR=0.12)3. The behavior of nutrition and food safetyThe pupils who had breakfast or consumed fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy products, eggs and legumes everyday, respectively, contributed to57.4%,31.1%,69.1%,12.1%,31.1%,18.3%and16.3%of the total participants. The pupils who consumed1-2times per day or per month of these nutrients, or those who consumed even less frequently, accounted for10.3%,37.1%,12.1%,57.4%,30.5%,46.5%and46.3%of the total participants, respectively. The pupils who often or always pay attention to packaging production and expiration date, or those who never eat the food whose package was expansion or broken, contributed73.8%,56.5%and84.4%to the all participants. Univariate analysis showed that the influencing factors for the behavior of nutrition and food safety included score of knowledge, score of attitude, grade, gender,one-child, left-behind children, fathers’educational level and mothers’level of education. The ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors for the behavior of nutrition and food safety consisted of gender, one-child, score of knowledge, score of attitude and mother’s level of education, and the most pronounced influencing factor was the gender (OR=1.78), the least one was the score of knowledge which was located in the25%lowest group (OR=0.15)4. The access to knowledge75.1%of the pupils acquired knowledge by teachers’taught,51.6%of the students wished to acquire knowledge through school education, and71.9%of the students hoped that the nutrition and food safety education being carried out in the form of teachers’taught.5. The correlation of knowledge, attitudes and behaviorThe knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and behavior, attitudes and behavior were positively correlated, correlation coefficient were0.409,0.494and0.347(P＜0.001)Conclusions:1. The pupils’knowledge of nutrition and food safety were insufficient in2counties of west China. The rate of knowledge awareness was not high, and the pass rate was low. The independent influencing factors for the knowledge were grade of the pupils and the occupations of their fathers.2. The pupils had positive attitudes towards nutrition and food safety, while their cognitive abilities of the relevant information were limited in2counties of west China. The independent influencing factors for the attitude consisted of gender, the score of knowledge, grade, maternal occupation, and mothers’level of education.3. They had irrational diet structures and weak awareness of food safety in2counties of west China. The independent influencing factors for the behaviors included gender, one-child, the score of knowledge the score of attitude, and their mothers’level of education.4. The ways which the pupils have used or hoped to use to acquire knowledge was single, the main way was teachers’taught, and they hoped that the nutrition and food safety education being carried out in the form of teachers’taught in2counties of west China. |
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