Expression And Significance Of SM22αand α-SMS In Varicose Veins

Objective:Further research found that smooth muscle22alpha (SM22α)and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) specifically expressed in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC).In this study,we investigated the expression level of SM22α and α-SMA in varicose veins,to explored the relationship and significance of smooth muscle22alpha (SM22α) and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) in progression of the varicose veins.Methods:(1) SM22α mRNA expression was detected in varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organization by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR).(2) The expression level of SM22α and α-SMA protein was detected in varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organization by immunohistochemical techniques.(3) The morphological changes in varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organization were observed by electronic microscope.Results:(1) RT-PCR showed that The expression level of SM22mRNA in varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organization was 0.2614±0.1168and0.5114±0.1554respectively. There was significant difference of between varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organizations (t=5.020P<0.01).(2) The immunohistochemical staining showed that signals of SM22a and a-SMA protein were localized in the cytoplasm of vascular smooth muscle cells. The integrate optical density (IOD) of SM22a protein in varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organizations was10054.79±3584.07and16226.05±3378.16respectively. The expression level of SM22a protein was significant difference between varicose saphenous vein organization and normal saphenous vein organization (t=4.991P<0.01. The integrate optical density (IOD) of a-SMA protein in normal and abnormal veins was9746.31±3903.22and15371.05±4317.83respectively. There was significant difference of the expression level a-SMA protein between normal and abnormal veins (t=3.861P<0.05)(3) In histological structure:Compared with normal veins,the varicose veins lost the normal histological structure.Vascular intima thickness increased significantly.There are more Vascular smooth muscle cells in Vascular intima. Vascular smooth muscle cells are arranged disorders and the distance between the cells increased wide.Conclusion:(1) In varicose veins expressed a lower lever of SM22a and a-SMA than normal veins,which indicated that the VSMC had transform the typical contractile phenotype into the typical synthetic phenotype.(2) The changes in histological structures of varicose veins showed that Vascular remodeling had been occurred in varicose veins.(3) Expression of SM22a and a-SMA was mainly down-regulated in varicose veins, which indicated that the VSMC had transform the typical contractile phenotype into the typical synthetic phenotype. Phenotype change of VSMC further promote the venous wall remodeling,which lead to the occurrence of varicose veins. Therefore,SM22a and a-SMA might play a key role in the pathogenesis of varicose veins, which is need to be further explored.