The Recent Progresses Of Toll-like Receptor4and Its Polymorphisms In Type2Diabetes Mellitus

Type2diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease symptom characterized by high blood glucose. Its basic pathophysiological changes are insulin resistance with or without insufficient insulin secretion. Increased studies suggest that the inherent immune system and chronic inflammation play an important role in the development of T2DM. Molecular abnormalities or mutations in the pathway of the innate immune system may affect the metabolic phenotype of T2DM then affecting its incidence. Toll-like receptor4(TLR4) is an important receptor in innate immunity and chronic inflammation (such as T2DM). And it plays a key role not only in defense against infection and damages but also in the chronic non-infectious inflammatory diseases. TLR4Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms lead to the changes of TLR4protein and are associated with the increased prevalence of infectious diseases and the decreased prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases such as T2DM. This paper reviewed the association between TLR4and its polymorphisms and T2DM.