| Background and ObjectionsColorectal cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor, the new cases of which increase940,000people annually on the earth, but nearly50million people die from colorectal cancer every year. Colorectal cancer ranks the third among the cause of cancer death. Colorectal cancer is also one of the most common malignant tumors in China, ranking the fourth of the incidence of malignant tumors. In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer shows an obviously upward trend, which is more pronounced in large and medium-sized cities. With the improvement of people’s lifestyle, the change of diet, the progress of life expectancy, the incidence of colorectal cancer will have a further increase. Reducing the morbidity, improving the level of the treatment and reducing the relapse rate and mortality are still the purpose for all the scholars of domestic and foreign.The PTEN gene is a suppress genes newly identified, which regulate the growth and development of cell, promote apoptosis, and inhibit the tumor ultimately, throughing participate in the regulation of cell cycle mainly.The CDX2gene is a nuclear transcription factors for specific expression in human intestinal, which plays an important role in maintaining the normal development of the intestinal epithelial cells, keeping the changes in morphology, and the structure characteristic. The changes and out of control of expression of the CDX2 gene, play an important role in the occurrence and development of human digestive tract tumors. In this study, immunohistochemical method is used to detect the expression and significance of the PTEN and CDX2in colorectal cancerObjects and methodsIn this study, the resected specimens of cancer were obtained from the Department of General Surgery of the Second Clinical College of Zhengzhou University from November2009to August2010. There were50cases of cancer tissue,50cases of normal colorectal mucosa tissue adjacent to carcinoma, using immunohistochemical method to detect these specimens, then analyzing the relation of the expression between the PTEN and CDX2in colorectal cancer, and the relation between two genes and colorectal cancer clinical pathological parameters.ResultsThe positive rate of gene CDX2expression was82%in the tissue of colorectal cancer, and96%in the normal mucosa tissue adjacent to carcinoma. The difference was a statistically significant{x2=5.005, P<0.05). Both the two-group tissues, the positive rate of PTEN gene expression was32%in cancer tissue and64%in normal tissue respectively, the difference was an obviously statistically significant (x2=9.543, P<0.05). Both the two gene of PTEN and CDX2are associated with tumor TNM stage, the primary tumor infiltrated extent and the degree of histological grading. The PTEN was associated with the metastasis of lymph node, but the CDX2wasn’t. Obtained through statistical analysis of the correlation calculation:the Pearson product moment correlation efficient was0.378, an positive correlation between PTEN and CDX2.Conclusions1. The gene of PTEN and COX2were closely related with the occurrence and development of the tumor of colorectal, such as the lower level expression of PTEN and CDX2, which suggested the later stage of tumor TNM stage, the lower degree of the tumor cell differentiation as well as the deeper degree of tumor infiltration; The expression level of PTEN was higher in colorectal cancer without lymph node metastasis comparing to the cancer with lymph node metastasis, which was different in comparison with the CDX2. The high degree of malignant and the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer were related with the the lower level expression of PTEN and CDX2.2. CDX2may be affected by the tumor suppressor gene PTEN during the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial and suggested the positive with PTEN. |
