Study On The Relationship Between Complex Fatigue And The Mineral Metabolism

With the social and economic development, people’s pressure from lives andwork is increasing. And because of the prolonged and high load physical ormental work with inadequate rest, making a substantial increase in physicalexertion and emotional burden, people are vulnerable to the complex fatigue,which include physical and mental fatigue both. It will directly affect people’squality of life and work efficiency, but also the incentive of many diseases andaccidents. How to prevent or cure the fatigues effectively, find a rapid recoverymethod have become a hot spot of today’s medical professions. For the ultimategoal of the study to complex fatigue mechanism is to solve the fatigue problem ofprotection and to provide a theoretical basis, so that the majority of scholarsattach great importance.The current study found that fatigue is a symptom in a delicate organismwith many tissues and bio-chemical reactions involved. The probablemechanisms of fatigue include oxidative damage, power failure, and the internalenvironment disorder. At the same time, many scholars put forward to that theminerals play an important role in the metabolic processes. For example, the inter-cellular transport of K is an important part of cell action potentials; Ca is akey molecule in muscle contraction and nerve conduction; Mg is the activatingfactor of ATP synthase; Fe is a composition of hemoglobin/myoglobin and animportant substance of oxidative metabolism; Cu is an important participant inenergy metabolism, and regulate the synthesis of hemoglobin/myoglobin; Zninvolved in the activation of200enzymes in the body, and is an importantantioxidant elements. Therefore, we speculate that the changes in mineralmetabolism may be one of the crucial factors leading to fatigue. But the previousreports related to mineral elements change when fatigues were not consistent,limiting the study to the specific mechanisms of mineral metabolism in fatigue,and there is great variability in the fatigue models used. So we want to establish amore stable fatigue model on the basis of the literature and relevant researchresults. After that we will analysis the mineral metabolism changes of the fatiguemodel and the possible causes, to provide some references to the further study tofatigue mechanism and relevant agents.In this study, rats were kept in cages with water to a height of2.2cm toestablish a model of complex fatigue, and weight-loaded swimming was done asa means of assessing the degree of fatigue in rats. We set the food-restrictedgroup to reduce the data interference caused by weight loss. The concentrationsof potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper and zinc in blood, skeletalmuscle, liver and brain of the rats were analyzed by flame atomic absorptionspectrometry. The brief analysis of the possible causes of the changes in mineralmetabolism was also explained.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1. After five days of water immersion, the body weight of rats decreasedsignificantly, but there is no significant difference compared to the group with food restrictions, and the swimming time has dropped significantly, indicatingthat the complex fatigue model was established successfully.2. In the blood, the K concentration of rats in the complex fatiguesignificantly increased, and the Cu concentration significant reduced comparedwith the normal control and the food restricted group, but the K concentration offood restricted rats was also significantly higher to the normal control group, andthere was no significant difference in Cu concentration, so we speculated that theraised part of the K concentration in the complex fatigue in the blood of rats ispartly due to fatigue, and the reduction in Cu concentration was totally due to thecomplex fatigue. Zn concentration in complex fatigue rat significantly decreasedcompared with normal rats, and there was no no significant difference betweenfood restricted group and normal control group, suggesting that the reduction ofZn concentration was caused by the composite fatigue.3. In the skeletal muscle, K concentration of the complex fatigue rats wassignificantly higher than the normal control and food restricted rats, however, Znconcentration was significantly lower than the other two groups, and There wasno significant difference in the two concentrations between the food restrictedgroup and the normal control group, suggesting that the changes in theconcentration of these two elements may be caused by the complex fatigue;compared with normal rats, the Ca and Mg concentration in fatigue rat alsodecreased significantly, however, the Mg concentration in the food restricted ratsignificantly reduced compared with the normal rats, and the Ca concentrationwas not significantly different, indicating that the reduction of Ca concentrationmay totally due to the complex fatigue, and the change in Mg concentration ofthe composite fatigue group may partly due to the complex fatigue.4. In the liver, compared with the normal control group and the food restriction group, the K concentration and the Fe concentration in the complexfatigue were significantly increased, there was no significant difference betweenthe food restricted group and normal control group, suggesting that the rise ofthese two elements may totally due to the composite fatigue; compared withnormal control rats, the Ca concentration and Zn concentration within thecomplex fatigue rat were significantly decreased, and these concentrations in thefood restricted group were not significantly different compared with those in thenormal control group, and accordingly it can be speculated that changes in Caand Zn in the liver may be caused by the complex fatigue.5. In the brain, the K concentration in complex fatigue rat increasedsignificantly, while the Zn concentration decreased significantly compared withthe other two groups, but the Zn concentration in food restricted rats was alsosignificantly decreased than normal rats, and there was no significantdifferences in K concentration, which showed that changes in K concentrationmay be totally caused by the complex fatigue, reduction in Zn concentration maybe partly caused by the composite fatigue; The Fe concentration and Mgconcentration significantly reduced compared with the normal rats, and he twoconcentration in the food restricted group were not significantly differentcompared with the normal control group,. This suggests that the changes in Mgand Fe concentrations in brain may be caused by the complex fatigue.6. These results may be due to these reasons we speculated: prolongedstanding or other sports increased the metabolic rate and physical exertion,making the body fluids exerted in the forms of sweat and others increased, andthe count of urine dicreased. With minerals in these forms of body fluids weredifferent, resulting the concentrations of these elements changed. This may bethe main reason that the composite fatigue lead to changes in mineral metabolism; In addition, the body has to maintain a high metabolic rate in fatigue to supplyenough energy with very limited resources, so there may be redistribution ofmineral elements in the inter-organizations; Another reason may be due to themutual influence of the metabolism of various elements, for example, it has beenfound that supplementary Zn may increase the concentrations of K, Mg, Fe andCu, which indicated that Zn may be influential to other elements metabolism.In summary, the means of5-days water immersion can successfullyestablish a rat model of complex fatigue, and the weight-loaded swimming timeas measure of assessing the degree of fatigue is more objective and accurate.There are changes in mineral concentration or distribution between tissues whenfatigue. Considering the various elements are involved in energy metabolism andoxidative damage, this change may be one of the important reasons lead tofatigue. Therefore, it may be an effective way to delay fatigue and promoterecovery from fatigue to timely and appropriately complementary minerals.