Finite Element Modeling And Simulation Of Human Thorax Protection Based On Behind Armor Blunt Trauma

Impact injury is the organization and the internal organs physical damage ofhuman body under external force，which leading to function is lost, and even to death.Bullet wound is the biggest threat to the Soldier on the battlefield. The bullet isstopped and the effects of projectile penetrating the biological tissues are prevented bybody armor, although a considerable amount of energy is transmitted through theprotective layers of the armor, and delivered to the human body. Eventually, tissuesbehind the body armor are injured; this phenomenon is referred to as “rear effect” or“behind armor blunt trauma”. In order to better predict the impact injury, exploring thedamage mechanism and protection measures is very necessary. With the improvementof the computer simulation and method, the application of dynamic finite elementmethod in the field of human trauma and protective research, overcoming thelimitation to obtain experimental data rely on animal in the past. The stress responseand deformation of the organs acquired by simulation through human body are moreaccording with human body to the practical situation, compared with the experimentaldata on animal. The using of finite element method in trauma mechanics research,gradually become the important research means. Dynamic finite element simulationanalyzing is suit to biomechanical study which can not applied on the human body, ithas gradually become the human body biomechanical study of the main means, fromthe point of view of computational mechanics to study human impact injury, and usingthe mechanics theory to explain problems.Medical image data and reverse point cloud data are used in the topic study,geometric model of skin (including muscle tissue), ribs, lungs, heart, liver and stomachis established through3d medical image reconstruction and reverse the point cloudtreatment. The finite element model of the thorax, armor and the bullet is generated which can used in mechanics analysis by setting the unit type and the size of the unitto mesh based on the geometric model. To study the stress wave transfer laws in thechest organs under the vitro impact load, the finite element model is carried ondynamic simulation. The deformation and displacement of the stress and strain andother biological mechanics change data of human chest organs is acquired. Thepressure curve changed with time is obtained from shooting experiment, the biologicalgelatin material is used, which similar with human soft tissue organ materialmechanics properties. Comparing the simulation data and experimental data, the datereliability of simulation analysis is confirmed. To understand the impact of the loadstress wave propagation mechanism in the chest, and the damage prediction andprotection design provides the theoretical calculation and the experimental basis.