Studies On The Antidiabetic Saponin Constituents Of Aralia Chinensis And Aralia Taibaiensis

Aralia chinensis is one kind plants of Araliaceae,also as Aralaitaibaiensis.there are about40Araliaceae palnts all over the world, and in ourCountry we have found28kinds, many of them distributed wildly in the southpart of Changjiang basin, of which there are many varieties have medical value,and at home and abroad have clinical application. Aralia plants′chemicalcomponents and active research carried out relatively perfect, now the researchhot topic is the total saponin of Aralia antidiabetic activity, but on the monomersaponin active research has just started, and get the attention by domestic andforeign scholars in recent years, this study contributes to the elucidation of thestructure and activity of aspects of the relationship, and strengthens thefoundation of Aralia drug development.In this research project,by the use of the separation columnchromatography (include silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20gel column, ODScolumn, as well as high performance liquid,etc.),we got15compounds from the root bark of aralia chinensis and Aralai taibaiensis, and by chemical methods(include acid hydrolysis, sugarderivatives, etc.) and spectroscopic methods(NMR, MS,etc), we identified the structure of the isolated compounds, includingfive new compounds, as well as10known compounds, the structures of thesecompounds were elucidated as oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1),3-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid (2),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucuron-opyranosyl}-oleanolic acid (3),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid (4),3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl] oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5),3-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)-6′-O-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6),3-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-6′-O-butyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7),3-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)-6′-O-butyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (8),3-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-6′-O-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (9),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranos-yl}-olean-11,13(18)-diene-28-oic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (10),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucuro-nopyranosyl}-olean-11,13(18)-diene-28-oic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(11),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glu-curonopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranos-yl}-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (13),3-O-{α-L-arabinofura-nosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (14),3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (15). Saponins9,10,11,12and13are new compounds.And except compounds1,2and6, the other compounds are isolated from thisplant for the first time.Screening of15kinds of saponin monomer on alpha glucosidase and alphaamylase inhibition, the results showed that: saponins from4and13showdifferent levels of alpha glucosidase inhibition, saponins2,4,10and13exhibitdifferent levels of alpha amylase inhibition. By the five saponins that isolatedfrom Aralia taibaiensis in antioxidant and antiglycation activity test, it is foundthat the results are shown in resisting oxidation and glycation activity, in which10and13of the strongest activity of saponins. Through analysis the saponin ofdiabetes structure-activity relationship, we got relatively clear conclusion: Theanti diabetic effects of Aralia chinensis and Aralia taibaiensis total saponinsmay be saponin monomer through these different mechanisms of actioncoordination produce.Innovations and significance:1. The chemical constituents of Aralia chinensis and Aralia taibaiensis wereisolated and identified, and got15saponins, the work made to two kinds ofplant secondary metabolites of a system. At the same time, which explainsthe composition of two kinds of taxonomic similarity, and from chemicalverified on two separate establishment of Science.2. We have got5new compounds from our work, of which10and11saponinaglycone in the genus plant saponins in very rare, saponin6-9glucuronic acidbase with straight chain alcohol ester form, which in other plants of the genussaponin in less frequently found, as can be used as chemical classificationbasis. 3. By Systemly screening, we discovered four compounds have strong activityof antidiabetic activity, and analysis to get more clear structure-activityrelationship conclusions, for this type of saponin development has directsense.4. The research of Aralia chinensis and Aralia taibaiensis provides scientificbasis for further study of the genus Aralia, deepens the understanding of thegenus plant component. At the same time, our work also provides valuablelead compounds for the further development of anti diabetic drugs andtheoretical basis for anti diabetic drugs of Aralia taibaiensis total glycosidescapsules.