The Chondrogenic Differentiation Of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is one of most common spinal degormityin young people, and have a great impact of teenagers in both physically and mentallyhealth.Because the specific pathogenic mechanism of AIS is still not clear,theprevention and the treatment of the disease is simple. Melatonin, secreted by pineal isclosely related with ocuurence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,as well asprogression of the disease.Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) derived from the mesoderm are multipotentstem cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types,It have been shown todifferentiate, in vitro or in vivo, into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, which areimpotant during the development of the bone. There are two essential processesduring development of the skeletal system by which bone tissue is created,intramembranous ossification and intramembranous ossification. osteoblasts andchondrocytes are precursor cells of these two processes respectively.In this study, at first the length and width of vertebral,vertebral-canal,both side ofpedicle and lamina were determined using standard techniques to contrast vertebraldevelopment between normal subjects and patients with scoliosis. Secondary, BMSCs isolated from both normal and patients induced intochondrocyte by micromass in vitro. In order to determine the effect of melatonin onchondrogensis in BMSCs from the two groups,50nm melatonin supplemented to theculture media at same time. The expressions of the chondrogenic marker genesincluding Collagen I, Collagen II, Collagen X, SRY-related high mobility group-boxgene9(SOX9) and Aggrecan were examined by Real-time quantitative PCR at day21,glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was determined as well. The chondrogensisability of BMSCs have no different between AIS patients and controls. After21daysof chondrogenic differentiation, were found to express more melatonin at50nmcould significantly promote the normal BMSCs to express marker genes and proteins.Different from the normal, BMSCs from AIS did not respond to melatonin.