High-yield Characters And Quality Characters For Different Strains Of Perilla Frutescens In Different Altitude Of Chongqing

Perilla frutescens is widely cultivated as a source of medicine and spices. Perilla oil, which is contained in the seed, is edible and also used as a healthy food. The content of perilla oil in different cultivated varieties is related to cultivation mode, altitude, and so on. Here, we comparied the high-yield characters and adaptability of altitude of eight kinds of Perilla frutescens by two-factors analysis in Sichuan provernce and Chongqing. It is studied that the high-yield characters, yield per plant, oil content, and content of a-Linolenic acid. The study integrates the Strains of Perilla frutescens to advod the confusion, provides the germplasm resource for standardized cultivation technology of Perilla frutescens, and supports the technology for the improvement of industries on Perilla frutescens in Chongqing, even in China. It is significant to improve the base construction of Perilla frutescens.1. It is analysed that simple effect of different kinds of strains under the same altitude. The result of the high-yield characters, yield per plant, oil content, and content of α-Linolenic acid show that it will get the better yield per plant by planting the NO.5or the NO.4under the1100m area, the NO.3, NO.4and NO.1ars the better strains under the580m area, the NO.3, NO.7and NO.1will adapt the300m area.2. It is analysed that simple effect of different altitude factors under the same strains. The result of the high-yield characters, yield per plant, oil content, and content of a-Linolenic acid show that the factor of altitude don’t effect the yield per plant of ck, the strains of NO.2, NO.3, NO.4, NO.6, NO.7will adapt the area in580m, the NO.5is adapt the altitude between580m to1100m.3. The analysis of main effect of different strains shows that it has significant difference on different testing indexes. Compared with the ck, the result of testing indexes indicate that the yield per plant of seven kinds of Perilla frutescens have significan difference, but they don’t have difference between any two kinds of them. The effect of altitude may cause the result of no difference between any two kinds of them. The high-yield characters of the NO.3and NO.1is better than others, which have higher means of yield per plant. So there is some relationship between these indexes.4. The analysis of main effect of different altitude shows that the stem length is Mid-level, the other high-yield characters, like first branch number, main panicle length, the main panicle length on first branch, particle size and so on, is in upper middle level in the altitude of580m, especially the yield per plant indexes. The oil content and content of α-Linolenic acid have no difference between any two altitudes. So the eight kinds of Perilla frutescens adapt the580m area.5. The interaction effect is significant on the other indexes except the seed size between the strains factor and the altitude factor. Through the multiple comparison, it will get the better yield per plant that NO.4, NO.6, NO.3, NO.2, NO.1, NO7in the580m area, and the NO.5in the1100m area. The mean of yield per plant was38.43g. it will get the higher oil content the NO.7and NO.1which is plant in the300m area, NO.1which is planted in the580m area, and the NO.5, NO.7, NO.4which is planted the1100m area. The mean is46.14%. The top five group in content of a-Linolenic was1100m×NO.4,1100m×ck,1100m×NO.3,300m×NO.5, and1100m×NO.1. The mean is68.06%.6. Under the every altitude, the percentage of a-Linolenic exceeds60%. The next is oleic acid and linoleic acid. The least is palmitic acid and stearic acid. The NO.7is the only one kind of strain which has the more content linoleic acid than oleic acid in every altitudes, and its summation of unsaturated fatty acid is higher than some other group. So NO.7has the better quality of unsaturated fatty acid. The other strains’ oleic acid is more than the linoleic acid. The NO.2’s difference between the oleic acid and linoleic acid is the largest in every altitude, and the largest one is20.62under the1100m area. However, its summation of unsaturated fatty acid isn’t larger than other groups. So NO.2has the poor quality of unsaturated fatty acid. In the580m area and the300m area, the difference of NO.6between the oleic acid and linoleic acid is the smallest. However, in the1100m area, the NO.4is. In the1100m area, the difference of NO.6between the oleic acid and linoleic acid is large, so the second better strain may the NO.6on quality of unsaturated fatty acid before the deep study.