Studies On The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of Several Squat Lobsters From Deep-sea Hydrothermal Fields

Studies on deep-sea hydrothermal activities and hydrothermal organism havebeen one of the most interesting topics in international marine researches. Squatlobsters are important groups of the hydrothermal ecosystem. This paper analyses thesquat lobster samples collected during the Chinese DY115-20, DY115-21andDY125-22expeditions from the hydrothermal fields of Indian Ocean, Pacific Oceanand Atlantic Ocean. Taxonomy and phylogeny researches on these squat lobsters havebeen done, the main results as follows:1. The squat lobster sampled during the Chinese DY115-20expedition was identifiedas a new species of genus Munida base on the morphological characters. The maintaxonomic characters were described and illustrated. Difference in themorphology of the carapace, basal segment of the antennular peduncles, firstsegment of the antennal peduncle distinguishes the new spieces from the otherspecies of Munida.2. The squat lobster sampled during the Chinese DY125-22expedition wasidentified as Munida tiresias Machpherson,1994。The squat lobster sampledduring the Chinese DY115-21expedition was identified belonging to the genusMunida (sampled TVG2) and Kiwa (sampled TVG9)..In the further research ofKiwa samples, the differences between male and female and the characters ofspecific setaes were described.3. The key to families of superfamily Galatheoidea and Chirostyloidea together withthe key to genus of family Munididae were summarized.4. The Munida samples’ mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COⅠ) and16S rRNAgene squences were analysed together with related sequences fromGenBank, the phylogenetic trees were established at the same time. The resultshows that the two Munida samples were clustered in an independent branchewith Munida tiresias (squence from GeneBank).5. The Kiwa samples’ ribosomal gene18S rRNAsquences were analysed together with related sequences of7different families from GenBank, the phylogenetictree was established at the same time. The result shows that the Kiwa sample wereclustered in an independent branche with Kiwa hirsuta and Kiwa puravida6. The ribosomal gene18S rRNAmarker is better in elucidating relationships amongfamilies; the mitochondrial COⅠ marker have the benefit of elucidatingrelationships among species.