Design And Experiment Of The Key Components For Rice Cultivation

The long-term using of chemical herbicides leads to enhancement of weeds’ resistance toherbicide, groundwater pollution, endangering human health. As people’s awareness ofenvironmental protection and the need for green organic food, chemical herbicide is more andmore questioned by consumers. Although it greatly reduces the labor burden, but from theperspective of the sustainable development of agriculture, the use of herbicides has more harmthan good, so, efficient and pollution-free mechanical weed control will be the best way to replacechemical herbicides.According to the working position, mechanical weed control can be divided into inter-rowweed control and intra-row weed control. Mature model of inter-row weed control machine exists,but intra-row weed control has great difficulty both at home and abroad. Now, intra-row weedcontrol technology is still in research stage, therefore, it is of great significance to develop oneweed control device with high weeding rate and low injury seedlings rate.At present, the domestic rice fertilization still mainly rely on artificial spreader. Unevendistribution of fertilizer, surface applied fertilizer, fertilizer rate difficult to control are urgentlyneeds to solve the problem. Aiming at the problem of paddy field fertilizer in our country, study oftechnology, design a set of paddy field with deep side fertilizing, precision machinery, can wellsolve the above problems.Through consulting a large number of relevant literatures, the period of rice fertilizing andfirst weeding, happens to coincide. So，combined weed control machine with fertilizer applicator,change its function two into one, produce joint operation of mechanical weeding and fertilizinghomework has great realistic significance for sustainable development of agriculture in China.Based on reading lots of literatures, present situation and development prospect of weedingand fertilizing machine for paddy field at home and abroad are summarized; According to theneeds of weeding and fertilizing technology, through the theoretical analysis, computer aideddesign method of combining the design and experiment, the principle, structure and the optimumworking parameters of weeding and fertilizing device were studied. Specific research contents areas follows:（1） Consulting a large number of relevant literature and on the basis of predecessors’ research,determine the period of weed control, this paper expounds the strains between weed control device design and working principle of between strains for weed control unit test provides a theoreticalsupport.（2） Using Pro/E software of weed control device between the strains of3d modeling,simulation analysis with ADAMS software to obtain the best ratio of the weeding unit workbetween strains. Test results and simulation results are basically identical, explaining the choice ofparameter combination reasonable.（3） Tests were carried on soil bin and using Design-Expert6.0.1software for experimentaldata processing and analysis. Factors was established and the response variable and the responsesurface regression equation, indicates that the factors affecting except the hasty significant diskspeed, forward speed and weeding in depth; Factors influencing the injury rate of significance ofweed control in depth, the disc rotation speed and forward speed. Optimization to get the optimalworking parameters combination for the disc speed is69.3r·min^-1, speed of0.44m·s^-1, weedingdepth of38mm, the cases in addition to jump75.8%, seedling rate was4.6%.（4） To respectively measure strains of weed control device when working spring tooth contactbetween soil and the seedlings, elastic element and the applicable sensor were designed. Testresults through the analysis and calculation to weed control force is3.07N.（5） According to the special working environment and characteristics of paddy field, and deepside fertilizing device is designed. Through static test, the distributing of fertilizing devicecapacity and stability of distributing were determined, and fertilizer best position adjusting device;By dynamic test on machinery evenness article, fertilizer application rate of fertilizer application,furrowing operation quality and fertilization depth was determined. At the same time, throughexperiments to explore the machinery for the best objective conditions, guide the agricultural work.Determination results showed that both static and dynamic test is conform to the standardcultivation.Test shows that the design of key components meets the agronomic requirements, its useimproved utilization of machinery, to reduce the injury rate, for the whole study providesimportant theoretical basis for design.