Phylogenetics Of Endophytic Fungi In Wheat(Triticum Aestivum L.) And Their Ecological Functions

The Endophytic fungi are widely existed in plants, which have rich diversity and complicated interactions with host plants, and the plant is an important part of micro ecosystem. Wheat is an important crop to maintain global food security, so it is significant to research on the relationship between the wheat and endophytic fungi.This paper mainly studies the fungal community in the process of wheat growth and development of the diversity of the change, the different plant organs distribution and quantity changes are also described, evaluation of effect of the interaction between endophytic fungi on the distribution, to explore the effect of endophytic fungi on the growth of wheat seedling. The main results are as follows:The study found the organization of wheat in the colonization of endophytic fungi are rich,13genera are new recognized of endophytic fungi of wheat were identified by the morphology and molecular biology identification. Alternaria, Penicillium, Fusarium, Chaetomium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus,Acremonium, Muco and Aspergillus were the advantage fungi, the relative abundance were accounting for44.9%,24.7%,7.6%,6.2%,4.1%,2.2%,2.0%,1.7%, and1.6%. Species richness of the endophytic fungi and colonization rate with changes in wheat tissues and organs and show greater differences, overall in wheat root species richness and the colonization rate are higher than other parts.Using traditional methods and molecular methods for the analysis of seedling of wheat endophytic fungal community diversity and species richness, respectively had6genera and10genera of endophytic fungi.Molecular methods are used to get the wheat species richness and species diversity index is higher than using traditional methods to get, may be more close to the real situation of wheat endophytic fungal colonization.On the culturable and un-culturable endophytic fungi phylogenetic analysis based on the rDNA ITS sequences show that, mainly fungi recovered from wheat plants are Ascomycota species, and Zygomycetes is less; there is no significant difference in the ITS sequence on endophytic fungi and other environmental fungi.Twelve fungal species recovered from wheat tissues were potential pathogenic species. Alternaria, Fusarium, Trichoderma,Monilia, Rhizoctonia and Bipolaris were advantage potential pathogenic fungi. Chaetomium may be the main beneficial endophytic fungi in wheat, it can promote the growth of Wheat.Using the method of principal component analysis shows that,in the whole wheat growth duration, the study revealed the coexistence of Fusarium, Bipolaris and Acremonium and their tendency to segretate from Alternaria was unrelated to species such as Chaetomium and Penicillium.Neotyphodium is systemic (vertical transmission)endophytic fungi in a variety of gramineous plants.Referring to the methods of PCR experiments, amplification a558bp DNA sequences from6batch of wheat sample, BLAST results with JF718441.1sequence has the97%similarity.Through this study, we systematically understand the differences in fungal diversity and distribution in wheat and its relationship and seedling of wheat, for the further deep study on endophytic fungi of wheat, provide some basic theoretical support.