The Study Of Comprehensive Benefits Of The Main Timber Forests Tending In Central South Of Hunan

As traditional forest management mode can not satisfy the requirements of current national economy and timber marcket, forest cultivation is becoming one of the key issue for the modification of the forestry management and development, by which, the targets of the timber forest management are not only economy profits but also the combination profits of ecology, economy and society.This Study focuses on comprehensive cultivation profits of the main timber forests in central south of Hunan province funded by’Achievement Inspection and Investigation of Pilot Forest Cultivation Subsidy Project in Hunan Province’supported by Hunan Provincial Financial Department and Forestry Department. The main ecological, economical and social functions of cultivated timber forests were analyzied using10diffferent vegetation presentative plots including cultivated plots and control ones with the index system and measure methods for the main timber resources and their comprehensive profits in central south of Hunan, and the scientific and rational methods to promote the forest cultivation were put forward. The results showed that:(1) The results of twice cultivations in3years showed that the increased forest biomass of cultivated plots was higher than control, and the max one was Yanling No.1(7054.06kg·hm-2). The increased litter biomass of cultivated plots was lower than control as human cultivation activities, and the min one was Youxian No.2(869.68kg·hm-2).(2) The results of community diversity of each plot showed that the diversity index of cultivated plots was bigger than control, and the max ones were Suxian district No.1(3.87,0.89in the1st time cultivation and4.02,0.91in the2nd time cultivation). The decreased order of other plots was Jindong2, Youxian2, Shuangpai1and Yanling1. For the same type of forest, the index of Shannon-Wiener and Simpson were higher than control.(3) The study on ecology carbon storage quantity of each cultivated timber forest showed that forest cultivation improve the carbon storage significantly, especially in Youxian2(the increased carbon storage quantity was0.4955t·hm-2). The increased carbon storage of each cultivted plot was higher than control, among which, Shuangpai 1was the highest (0.9628t·hm-2) and its increased rate was57.02%, and Suxian district1was the lowest (0.3239t·hm-2) and its increased rate was13.96%. The decreased order of carbon storage increasement was Youxian2, Shuangpai1, Yanling1, Suxian district1and Jindong2.(4) The ability of carbon storage and oxygen release of each cultivated plot was higher than control, and Yanling1had the highest significant ability which carbon storage and oxygen release was3135.54kg·hm-2and8394.33kg·hm-2respetively and their increased quantitity was1027.94kg·hm-2and2751.96kg·hm-2respectively, and the value of carbon storage after cultivation was3762.65yuan, and the value of oxygen release was8394.33yuan, and the in direct economy value was12156.98yuan. The indirect ecology value increased22.9%compared with control.(5) Jindong2showed the highest effective water storage ability of the soil and the highest water storage ability with significantly strong water resource conservation function which related to its rational soil physical characters. For the same type of plots, the water storage quantity of all cultivated plots was higher than control, and the effective water storage quantity was higher than control, especially in the layer0-15cm. The averaged water contents of shrub and grass increased3.1%. The averaged water contents of litter increased4.3%. The higher moisture capacity of the shrub and grass in the cultivated plot was529.15kg/hm2, and that of the litter was3445.26kg/hm2.(6) The cultivated timber forest in central south of Hunan had significant economy benefit. The profit of cultivated Chinese fir forest in10years was155417.06yuan/ha, which increased28654.06yuan/ha, and the increased rate was22.6%. The profit of cultivated Mason pine forest in10years was236451.13yuan/ha, which increased89634.13yuan/ha, and the the increased rate was61.05%.The cultivation of the forest further controled the forest density, modified the light and sanitary condition, preserved the micro-organism diversity, promoted the micro-organism activity in the soil, accelerated the decomposition of the dead covers, strenthened the anti-stress abitity of the forest, decreased the quantity of inflammable staff, and effectively prevented and controled the pests and disease and the forest fires.The forest cultivation activity supplied the labor opportunity and enlarged forestry industry scale and also increased local tax income which were benifical to society stablility, ecology culture and harmony society.