Comparison Of Flowering Processes And Cut-flower Quality Of Oriental Hybrid Lily ’Sorbonne’ Cultivated From Domestic And Imported Bulbs

Lily industry in our country relys on import, and the Oriental lily (Lilium Oriental hybrids) production is monopolized by Holland. To promote the localization of Oriental lily in China, in this study’Sorbonne’ cultivated from domestic (Ⅰ) and imported (Ⅱ) bulbs were planted to compare the differences of quality of flowers and bulbs. And the changes of carbohydrates in bulbs and hormones in the growing points were examined to elucidate the differences from the aspects of morphology and physiology. The main results of the research are as follows:(1) There were differences in the flower differentiaion between’Sorbonne’Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Though the stages of flower differentiation of them were the same,15days after planting the flower differentiation of I was faster than that of Ⅱ. And20days after planting, the flower development of I was much faster than that of Ⅱ. The periods of flower opening of Ⅰ and Ⅱ were the same, including unopened, rapid, quick, slow period and curled period. But the flower days in vase of I were much shorter than Ⅱ. There were great differences of growth conditions between Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The numbers of leaves, flowers and the days of flower phase and flower in vase of Ⅰ were both less than Ⅱ. The average height of plants and diameter of flower of I were greatly less than Ⅱ, the roots of I were worse than Ⅱ and the aphid disease of Ⅰ was very serious.(2) During20d after planting, the contents of starch and soluble sugar in bulb scales all increased first and then decreased. And the changes of starch and soluble sugar were not inversely proportional. During the flower bud differentiation of Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the chang of carbohydrate in bulb plate and growing point was little, and it was outer scales that mainly provided energy.From planting to flower bud differentiation, the content of soluble sugar in the growing point of Ⅱ was higher than in the scales, while Ⅰ was the opposite. In the early period after planting, the levels of soluble sugar in bulb scales increased fast and decreased fast, which led to the fast vegetative growth, but restrain the reproductive growth, and the flower bud differentiation was disturbed. On the contrast, during the whole flower differentiation and development stages, soluble sugar of Ⅱ increased slowly and the reproductive growth is sufficient, producing more flowers than Ⅰ. Beacause of the hurt of bulb plate, the energy provided by outer bulb scales of Ⅰ was less, and then inner bulb scales turn to provide energy, which was bad for the development of inner bulb scales. The vegetative growth in flower bud and flower stages depended on the levels of starch in bulb scales after the flower differentiation. The level of starch of Ⅱ was much higher than Ⅰ, so the growth condition of I turned to be worse.(3) High levels of IAA restrained the vegetative growth in the early stage of flower bud differentiation, to store energy for reproductive growth such as flower bud differentiation. Maybe IAA promoted flower bud differentiation directly. In the early stage of growth, the content of IAA in Ⅰ was lower than Ⅱ, leading to a quicker vegetative growth and less tlower buds than Ⅱ. ZR promoted the cell differentiaion in the growing point. Low levels of ABA and GAs promoted flower bud differentiation, while high levels of ABA and GAs made the vegetative growth stop, promoting the flower bud development. The increasing rates of IAA/ABA, IAA/GAs, ZR/ABA and ZR/GAs promoted the flower bud differentiation.This is the first study focusing on the differences of qulity of flowers and bulbs cultivated from domestic and imported bulbs. The reasons why the differences existe are expounded from morphology and physiology. The ways to improve the quality of lily of our country are put forward.