Study On The Mechanism Of Ammonia And Hydrogen Sulfide Reduction In Excrement Of Laying Hens By Bacillus Magaterium

This research was carried out to investigate the mechanism of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide reduction in poultry excrement by Bacillus magaterium. One hundred and twenty eight (45-wk-old) healthy New Yangzhou layers were randomLy assigned to four groups with4replicates of8birds each and fed diets supplemented with0(control),1×106CFU(group1),2×106CFU(group2) and4×106CFU/g(group3) Bacillus Megaterium for45d.The nutrients utilization, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, as well as the mechanism of reducing ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emission were studied through animal feeding and metabolism trials and a sets of microorganism experiments treated by Bacillus Megaterium.Experiment1:The effects of Bacillus Magaterium on nutrients utilization in laying hens.The objective of this experiment was conducted to determining the effect of nutrient utilization by Bacillus Megaterium in laying hens by means of endogenous indicator method (4mol/L HC1). The results showed that: basal diets supplemented with4×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium significantly improved the apparent metabolic rate of crude protein, grass energy, Ca individually(,P<0.05). Basal diets supplemented with2×106CFU/g significantly improved the apparent metabolic rate of P (P<0.05). Basal diets supplemented with4×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium significantly improved the apparent metabolic rate of a variety of single amino acid in the feed(P<0.05).Experiment2:Effects of Bacillus Magaterium on the metabolism of nitrogen and sulfur in laying hens excrement.Layers of fresh faeces was collected to measure the indicators which relevant to the volatilization of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The results showed that:Bacillus Megaterium could reduce fecal pH of laying hens in15d and45d, supplemented with2×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium is better(P<0.05). Bacillus Megaterium reduced NH3-N, volatile basic nitrogen, urea nitrogen, uric acid and total nitrogen, drop uricase and urease activity (P<0.05), supplemented with the2×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium was better. Bacillus Megaterium preparation reduced the excretion of soluble sulfide,soluble sulfate and total sulfur content(.P<0.05), which supplemented with2×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium was better,but no significant difference in total sulfur content (P>0.05).1×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium lowered arylsulfatase activity. Bacillus Megaterium reduced the fermentation of soluble sulfide content, significantly reduced the content of soluble sulfide (P<0.01) in45d, supplemented with the1×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium was better and no significant difference with the group added with2×106CFU/g(P>0.05).Experiment3:Effects of Bacillus Magaterium on the intestinal contents and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens.On the45d, two layers of each repeat randomLy were selected for collection blood, and selected control group and experimental group2respectively, two layers of each repeat were slaughter to collect appendix contents and measure relevant indicators. The results showed that:diets supplemented with2×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium significantly reduced the cecal pH, NH3-N, total volatile basic nitrogen,urea, uric acid concentrations, lowered urease activity (P<0.01). Diets supplemented with2×106CFU/g Bacillus Megaterium significantly reduced the soluble of sulfur content (P<0.01) and cysteine desulfhydrase activity in the appendix (P<0.05). Diets supplemented with Bacillus Megaterium significantly reduced NH3-N, H2S, urea, uric acid, xanthine oxidase activity in the serum(P<0.05), But other indicators no significant difference (P>0.05).Bacillus Megaterium was able to growth by NH3-N as the sole nitrogen source.Experiment4:Harmful bacteria antagonism experiment by Bacillus Megaterium in vitro.Bacillus Megaterium mixed with spoilage bacteria for co-culture respectively. Different concentrations of the Bacillus Megaterium mixed with spoilage bacteria of certain concentration, while each of spoilage bacteria mixed with equal amount of nutrient broth as control group. The results showed that:Bacillus Megaterium significantly antagonized E. coli (GIM1.173) and Staphylococcus aureus (GIM1.142)(P<0.01), the antibacterial effects of the Salmonella (SPO1) and the general Proteus (GIM1.205) were not obvious.