Study On Monitoring The Loss Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus In Garden Plots Of Anhui Province

Agriculture is the basis of the national economy. China’s agricultural fertilizer levels was rapid growthting for a long time, and the garden non-point source pollution has become one of the main source of water pollution. Eutrophication and other pollution problems by the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus logistics to become more and more prominent, and has aroused the concerns of the community as well as th Agricultural Environmental Protection Departments and government. Nowadays, the study of the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients of Anhui garden which lack of precise data to support are in the exploratory stage.This study is based on the experimental conditions of the garden plot, in view of the current agricultural production patterns and habits of fertilization methods, as the follow three plots for reserch:the vegetables greenhouse in Maanshan City, Anhui Province; the grapery in Dawei Village, Baohe area, Hefei City and the tea garden in Xinguan village, Guilin Zhen, She town, Huangshan City. Monitoring the loss nitrogen and phosphorus in the conditions of no fertilizer and fertilizer treatment conditions respectively, and analysis the loss coefficient of nitrogen and phosphorus in Anhui Province. Finally, compared the fertilization treatments and fertilization of different crops of Anhui Garden the impact of economic output. Designed to provide a scientific basis for the garden in Anhui Province reasonable production and the development of the garden-point source pollution control counter measures. The following conclusions can be gained through field monitoring,:(1) In2010, Anhui Province garden in the conventional fertilization conditions, the loss of total nitrogen runoff in the garden (leaching) is greater than the loss in the total phosphorus runoff (leaching). Anhui Province, Corner of total nitrogen, total phosphorus loss trend is more consistent in2010, arranged from small to big is:Vegetable greenhouse<Tea Garden <vineyards. The total nitrogen loss range is from333.03kg/hm2to1942.65kg/hm2; the range of total phosphorus loss is from3.05kg/hm2to502.41kg/hm2. Of Anhui Province, Corner of nitrogen, phosphorus loss both by fertilization, the amount of closely related with the runoff, when runoff to achieve a certain flow, it will become the most important factors of nitrogen and phosphorus losses amount.(2) In2010, Anhui Province Corner TN runoff (leaching) loss rate varied lager than the loss of total phosphorus runoff (leaching) rate range, the loss rate of the total nitrogen in the range is from0.049%to0.918%as vegetable greenhouse>the vineyard>tea garden; total phosphorus wastage rate is between0.023%and0.236%, expressed as tea garden> vineyards> greenhouse vegetable.(3) In2010, the nitrate and ammonium nitrogen is the main form of nitrogen loss in the garden of Anhui garden while the loss in soluble P form is the main loss of phosphorus. The loss of nitrogen in the form of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen to achieve an average in77.43%of the total nitrogen loss and the loss of which in nitrate form of nitrogen has an absolute advantage. Loss of nitrate in the form of the total nitrogen loss ratio according to the descending trend is vegetable greenhouse>tea garden>vineyards, in differently, the proportion of total nitrogen loss from large to the loss of ammonium nitrogen in the form The small trend is exhibited in the vineyard>tea garden>vegetable greenhouse. The average loss of phosphorus soluble phosphorus forms is about69.82%in the total loss of phosphorus, its proportion of the total phosphorus loss by descending trend tea garden> vegetable greenhouse>vineyards.(4) In2010, the relations of garden fertilizer and the form of loss of nitrogen and phosphorus are not very close. Fertilization treatments of ammonium, nitrate and soluble phosphorus loss rate and not not fertilization treatments in case of ammonium, nitrate and soluble phosphorus loss rate did not show a clear trend. There are no fertilizer N loss accounted for the total nitrogen loss range between37.56%and86.74%, the fertilization treatments N loss accounted for total nitrogen loss range from36.60%to86.63%; no fertilizer ammonium nitrogen loss accounted for the total nitrogen loss range between1.42%and46.68%, the fertilization treatments ammonium nitrogen loss accounted for the total nitrogen loss range between1.04%and41.08%; fertilization treatments soluble phosphorus loss to account for the range of the amount of the loss of the total phosphorus fertilization treatments N loss accounted for total nitrogen loss range between58.52%and84.23%,57.76%and85.53%. (5) In2010, Anhui garden with no fertilization on crop yield at different degree. The yield of vegetable crop in greenhouse in two season were significantly affected by fertilization of greenhouse vegetables, visible to yield far greater than gardens and vineyards. The first season of big canopy vegetable crops (tomatoes) fertilization economic output is39711kg/hm2, and fertilization season vegetable crops (tomatoes) economic crop achieves61589kg/hm2; the second season vegetable crops (pepper) fertilization economic output is33456kg/hm2, fertilization second season vegetable crops (tomatoes) economic yield to achieve44444kg/hm2. Gardens and vineyards not fertilization on crop yield effect of relatively smaller amplitude, range respectively at921kg/hm2-960kg/hm2and25883kg/hm2～29667kg/hm2.