A Comparative Study On Quality Of Camellia Oleifera In Sichuang Province

Camellia oleifera is Famous Woody oil species in China.The agricultural production of China is more and more serious. Using mountain and nearby places to develop the woody oil plants, it is signality in relieving the pressure of cultivated land, improving ecological environment, developing economy in mountainous areas, and safely passing the sumit period of population. Improved variety is at the core of the farming and animal husbandry industry, superior individual plant is the foundation of cultivating the improved variety. The test materials from7superior individual plants that breeding by Rong country, Sichuang in2008. The thesis of the important economic characters of7superior individual plants (fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transect diameter, fruit shape index, single fruit weight, the seed rate, kernel oil content, etc.) and photosynthetic characteristics, nutritional components and fatty acid composition was investigated. Comprehensive evaluation of superior individual traits by using principal component analysis and grey correlation degree analysis. This research was aimed to provide theoretical basis for making a furher more superior tree selection and selecting improved varieties which suited for the local condition. The results were showed by research and analysis that:(1) Despite the great similarities of botanical and economic characters found in7superior individual plants, big differences are disconvered in some characters, which can be regarded as one of important factors to identify breeds. The differences include:there is great difference among total crown width, CR-1(16.85m2) belongs to wide-crown type, the opposite is CR-3(10.09m2); CR-1(4.0cm) belongs to wide-leaved type, the opposite is CR-7(2.3cm); CR-1(48.935g) belongs to large-fruit type, the opposite is CR-4(20.058g).(2) The correlation analysis among the characters of tree body, leaf, fruit, seed and yield, the result showed that crown width, tea seed-producing amount, dry seed-producing, kernel oil content and yield is very significant positive correlation, the correlation coefficent was respectively0.896、0.767、0.887、0.758. It means that the bigger crown width, the more tea seed-producing amount, dry seed-producing and kernel oil content lead to high yield. The regression equation of the four characters and yield were as follows: crown width and yield:Y=e(2930+0068x)(R2=0.896) tea seed-producing amount and yield:Y=0.031+0.9341n (x)(R2=0.767) dry seed-producing and yield:Y=22.164+0.025x2(R2=0.887) kernel oil content and yield:Y=-268.474+82.551n (x)(R2=0.758) (3) The results of chlorophyll measurement show that, the net chlorophy (a/b)From smallest to largest order:CR-1(2.996mg/g),CR-2(3.009mg/g),CR-3(3.040mg/g),CR-5(3.112mg/g),CR-6(3.185mg/g),CR-7(3.198mg/g),CR-4(3.247mg/g).(4)The proporation of crude fat in seeds from high to low in order to:CR-1(48.21%), CR-4(44.53%),CR-6(43.03%),CR-3(41.04%),CR-7(40.21%),CR-2(38.76%),CR-5(37.96%). The proporation of Oleic Acid from high to low:CR-6(83.74%), CR-3(82.81%), CR-4(81%), CR-1(80.79%),CR-7(80.72%),CR-5(79.71%),CR-2(78.84%). The proporation of linoleic acid from high to low:CR-2(9.5%), CR-5(8.65%), CR-4(8.54%), CR-7(8.37%), CR-1(7.84%), CR-3(7.31%), CR-6(6.12%).(5) The results of main mineral element content in fruit were essentially consistent. From high to low:K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu. The K element was the maximum content in these6kinds of mineral elements, which reached3084.31～4289.45mg/kg. But the Cu element only about3.25-6.99mg/kg, and there was great difference among superior individual plants.(6)Through principal component analysis, the comprehensive quality indexs (fatty acid compositions, mineral elements, protein, etc.) was ranked in the order ofCR-7, CR-2, CR-1, CR-3,CR-5, CR-4,CR-6.(7)Using grey correlation degree analysis Combined with economic characters quality indexs, the results showed that CR-1is the best one for comprehensive characters in this test area, next named CR-7, CR-2, CR-6, CR-3, and the remaining2quite poor. The comprehensive characters of CR-1was better than the examined varieties by compared to the varieties of passing examination in Sichuang province.