Study Photosynthetic Characteristics And Antioxidant Enzymes Activity In Different Ages And Stems Of Ginseng

Ginseng is a perennial shade herb, have the effect of fill gas and beneficial to intelligence. It is a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine and authentic medicine materials of Jilin province. It is mainly produced in Changbai mountain area in Jilin province. In recent years, the medicinal value of ginseng gradually taken seriously by people, ginseng industry obtained fast development. But because of its output is low, the vegetative cycle long has been limits the development of ginseng industry. Therefore, how to improve the output and increase purpose of ginseng is a big problem in ginseng cultivation. Photosynthesis is the basis of ginseng produced dry matter. Improve the photosynthesis of ginseng have an important meaning to increase production of ginseng in cultivation. More stems ginseng photosynthesis area is larger, which can effective improve photosynthetic efficiency and so as to improve the output of ginseng. This article determined the photosynthesis change rules in growth and diurnal variation of more stems ginseng. And in order to further study the reason for the variation of more stems ginseng the specific leaf weight and chlorophyll content was determined. Simultaneously determine the more stems ginseng antioxidant enzymes active. The determination results are as follows:(1) The leaf area of ginseng three-year-old less than four years, the area of single stem palmate larger than double stems and three stems, palmate area from big to small sequence for: four years single stem, three years single stem, four years of double stem, four years of three stem, three years double stem. Total leaf area from big to small sequence for:four years three stem, four years double stem, four years single stem, three years double stem, three years single stem.(2) More stems ginseng growth period net photosynthetic rate change rules is:the net photosynthetic rate to the first peak after blade completely open, a slight decline in flowering stage; green fruit period reached the second peak; Since then the net photosynthetic rate of ginseng leaves continues to decline; Green fruit period of the net photosynthetic rate higher than exhibition leaf period. Two-year-old ginseng net photosynthetic rate is lower than three and four years; Three years of single stem and double stem ginseng net photosynthetic rate size no obvious difference; Four years ginseng three stem smaller than single and double stem. Ginseng specific leaf weight is low in exhibition leaf stage and the flowering period appear first summit, green fruit period dropped and reach second peak in red fruit stage; Ginseng blade growth period of the net photosynthetic rate changes inversely proportional to the specific leaf weight changes. (3) Ginseng blade net photosynthetic rate of diurnal variation in different period is:in exhibition leaf period the net photosynthetic rate of ginseng blade rise up from7:00with the increase of the light intensity and13:00reach to the highest, after13:00gradually declined, ginseng photosynthesis is showed single peak changes and morning net photosynthetic rate higher than afternoon’s. In flowering stage, four years old ginseng net photosynthetic rate reach highest at11:00and13:00at the minimum, two and three years old ginseng blade for high stability photosynthesis, the morning net photosynthetic rate higher than afternoon; In green fruit period, two and three years ginseng11:00reach to the highest then dropped sharply,13:00meet the minimum. Four years old ginseng9:00reach to the highest then drop slowly, the morning of photosynthetic rate higher than afternoon. Red fruits of ginseng blade net photosynthetic rate change relatively stable, noon net photosynthetic rate reach a peak,15:00significantly reduced. The two and three years old ginseng happened photosynthetic nap phenomenon in flowering and green fruit stages.(4) Three and four years of different stems ginseng SOD activity is higher in exhibition leaf stage, then gradually declined, green fruit stage quickly rising to the largest, red fruits stage down to the lowest. CAT activity change rule is the same as SOD, the ginseng in the activity and no obvious difference in size. Three years old different stems of ginseng in the exhibition leaf stage of POD activity to achieve maximum and then gradually declined, red fruits stage to reach the lowest; Four years old ginseng POD activity in exhibition leaf and flowering period have no change, after that the activity decline, and green fruit and red fruit stage activity stability. In the flowering stage POD activity three years old less than four years old ginseng.(5) After exhibition leaf period three and four years old different stem ginseng protein content gradually decline; Green fruit stage rise and reach to the maximum and then gradually declined; Three and four years old different stem ginseng soluble protein content basically the same. The MDA content after the exhibition leaf period is increasing gradually, after the flowering period the activity drop then rise, red fruits period MDA content reach to the maximum, four years old three stems ginseng MDA content higher than single stem and double stems. Three years old ginseng MDA content is higher than four years.