Study On Sparse And Efficient Interplant Mode Of Balsam Pear In Early Spring Plastics Greenhouse In Chengdu

The Paper has summarized the research progress of the current balsam pear, and the cultivation techniques of balsam pear, including grafting cultivation and protected cultivation. According to the development of balsam pear production for the Chengdu, a number of excellent balsam pear varieties has been introduced, varieties comparative has been test, and then the better balsam pear varieties suitable for the promotion of the Chengdu has been screened out successfully.In this paper the main agronomic characters and efficient intercropping cultivation techniques have been studied systematically. It could provide a scientific basis for the industrial development of balsam pear in Chengdu.1. Balsam pears comparison test show that:The two varieties of "Bixiu" and " Jade Princess" can be used as a main cultivars in large area production, because they have some excellent characteristics such as sparse planting, growth vigour prosperous, high disease resistance, good quality and longer picking time, high yield and good merchandise.2. Density test showed that,64plants/667m2is the optimum planting density of intercropping cultivation in early spring greenhouse. In this mode, we have the highest yield and efficiency because balsam pear can be uniformly covered in scaffolding in the middle-later period of cultivation. When planting density increase to80plants/667m2, the foliage was too close in the middle-later period of cultivation, which result of poor ventilation, and disease severity. When planting density reduced to32plants/667m2, space resources was wasted, photosynthetic efficiency was low,3. Different pruning height test showed that:There are no effect on first flower node, initial bloom stage and initial harvesting date about different pruning height at "Bixiu", but there are significant impact of output and economic.0.8m is the best pruning height for "Bixiu" in protected cultivation.0.4m can improve the output of early period, but reduce the output of middle-later period.1.0m can reduce the number of bearing branch.4. Efficient intercropping cultivation test showed that:Though the cost of inputs about intercropping cultivation of Water spinach-Balsam pears in plastics greenhouse at early spring is higher (mode F), the cost of output is significantly higher than Mode E(Amaranth-Balsam pears) and Mode G(Cabbage-Balsam pears). The total output value of the mode F is17784.27RMB/667/m2and the net income is8998.27 RMB/667/m2, which were significant higher than the Mode E and Mode G Therefore, Mode F is the best cultivation mode.5. According to the climatic characteristics of Chengdu and the environmental conditions of growth and development requirements of balsam pears, Mode F can achieve the goal of high quality, high production and high efficiency, through the use of appropriate choice of varieties, grafting, appropriate sparse plants adjusting cultivation techniques.