| In this study of Charybdis japonica, four geographic populations were surveyed bymultivariate analysis method, isozyme technique and nonspecific immunity enzymaticactivity determination technology. All of these can objectively evaluated the germplasmresources of Charybdis japonica, and provided scientific data support for its rationaldevelopment. The main results were shown as follows.Twelve morphological traits and body weight of Charybdis japonica werecompared and analyzed by multivariate analysis method, including cluster analysis,principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Four wild geographicpopulations distributed in Dalian (DL), Laizhou Bay (LZ), Haizhou Bay (HZ) andXiangshan Bay (XS) were surveyed. Results show that there were significant variationsbetween male and female populations of wild C. japonica (p＜0.05). Cluster analysisrevealed that the Dalian stock (DL) was closest related with Laizhou Bay stock, andXiangshan Bay (XS) stock was farthest related with Laizhou Bay stock. The cumulativevariance contribution ratio of female C. japonica population in terms of the fiveprincipal components was74.021%. And the cumulative variance contribution ratio ofmale populations of C. japonica of the five principal components was73.212%. Indiscriminant analysis, total accuracy rate of female population was84%. The accuracyrate of Dalian stock (DL) was the lowest(64%), while that of Xiangshan stock (XS) wasthe highest(100%). Total accuracy rate of discriminant analysis on malepopulation was70%. Laizhou Bay stock (LZ) and Dalian stocks (DL) were the lowest at56%, whileXiangshan Bay stock (XS) was the highest(100%).All results supported that there weresome morphological differences among the four populations, but the morphologicalvariation of them was characterized under-subspecies.Vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the geneticvariation of isozyme of Charybdis japonica.Four wild geographic populationsdistributed in Dalian(DL), Laizhou Bay(LZ), Haizhou Bay(HZ) and Xiangshan(XS)(48 individuals each) were surveyed. Ten enzymes revealed twenty-eight putative loci，andnine of them were polymorphic. For the four populations, the proportion ofpolymorphic loci(P0.99) was32.14%, the mean effective number(A_e) of alleles per locusranged from1.2830to1.2979, the mean values of observed(H_o) and expected(He)heterozygosities ranged from0.1462to0.1556and0.2738to0.2783. The geneticdivergences(Dnei) among the four wild geographic populations ranged from0.0004to0.0018, which were lower than that between subspecies. Cluster analysis indicated thatDL and LZ populations were clustered together for the closest relationship, while HZand XS, respectively, was an independent cluster.The non-specific immune function was studied in four populations of Charybdisjaponica from Dalian, Laizou Bay, Haizhou Bay and Xiangshan. Four tissues (muscle,gill, hepatopancreas and serum) and seven immunity related enzymes (ACP, AKP, LSZ,MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-px) were detected. The results showed that the seven kinds ofenzymes all exist in the four detected tissues, and the activities were different indifferent groups. The serum ACP, AKP and LSZ activities of Dalian was higher thanthat of Haizhou Bay population significantly (P<0.05), and there was no significantdifference among other populations (P>0.05). The MDA content were varied fromdifferent tissues. Dalian population was significantly higher than Haizhou Baypopulation in hepatopancreas and serum (P<0.05), but there were no significantdifferences in other tissues (P>0.05). For the SOD, CAT and GSH-px activity ofhepatopancreas and gill, Dalian population and Haizhou Bay population have shownsignificant difference (P<0.05). The results of the immunity enzyme activities are quitecorrelated with those of nonspecific immunity abilities of preventing disease anddisease resistance evaluation. |
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