Qtl Analysis Of Protein, Oil And Flowering Time In Soybean

Soybean is the main source of vegetable protein for human, originated in China, and it is also one of the most important oil and economic crops. So breeding the soybean cultivars which show high oil, high protein and widely ecological adaptability are the basic way to improve the soybean industrial competitiveness. Protein, oil and flowering period are the important agronomic traits of soybean, By maping the genetic linkage map of soybean genome mapping, soybean’s important agronomic characters of QTL can be controlled. Furthermore, it has important significance for speeding up breeding process of the high oil and high protein soybean, and also deeply understanding the regulation mechanism of soybean flowering. It will lay the foundation for further fine mapping and gene based clone.In this research, a population consisted of96recombinant inbred lines of soybean was developed from an intraspecies cross between Glycine max, TK780and Glycine soja, Hidaka4. A genetic linkage map of soybean genome was structed by Map ManagerQTXb20, MapQTL5.0multiple-QTL model was used to identify quantitative loci (QTLs) associated with protein,oil content and flowering time in the RIL population, and GmFT2A gene and it’s promoter of the ToKei780and Hidaka4parents were cloned, and bioinformatics methods was used to predict the promoters’function on the basis of it. The main results were as follows:1. There was the transgressive segregation with respect to protein and oil traits in the population, the distribution of oil content showed normal distribution, and the distribution of protein content showed skewed normal distribution with the standard deviation of28g-kg-1.2. In this study,3QTLs related to seed protein and oil content were mapped in this RILs. One QTL which lay on the near Satt442molecular marker of the linkage group H controls oil trait, Phenotype contribution was17.2%; another two QTLs which lay separately on the near Satt384molecular marker of the linkage group E and the near Satt496molecular marker of the linkage group I control protein and oil traits, explaining15.6%and21.1%phenotypic variance, respectively; and the QTL which lay on the near Satt496molecular markers of the linkage group I was a stable QTL controlling the oil trait.3. Under normal group background, the distribution of flowering time showed skewed normal distribution in RILs on two point tests; under the E1population background, the distribution of flowering time showed normal distribution in RILs on Harbin areas, but skewed normal distribution in RILs on Sapporo areas; under elnl population background, the distribution of flowering time also showed normal distribution in RILs on Harbin areas, but discontinuous distribution in RILs on Sapporo areas.4. Under normal RIL population background, one major QTL related to flowering time was mapped on the100.6CM position near AGG/CGC380molecular marker of the linkage group C2, LOD value as high as20.73, explaining near70%phenotypic variance, that was E1.5. Under E1population background,3QTLs related to flowering time were mapped separately lay on the near Satt519molecular marker of the linkage group Bl,the near Satt686molecular marker of the linkage group J and E2locus of the linkage group O, separately explaining31.3%,28.4%and32.7%phenotypic variance on haerbin areas, separately explaining38.6%,39.7and19.9%phenotypic variance on Sapporo areas. In additional, one minor QTL was mapped on the near Satt371molecular marker of the linkage group C2, explaining17.4%phenotypic variance.6. Under elnl population background, only one QTL related to flowering time was mapped on the FT2A locus of linkage group J on haerbin areas, explaining48.0%phenotypic variance. But no QTL was mapped on Sapporo areas.7. The GmFT2A cDNA sequence of ToKei780and Hidaka4were cloned by PCR amplification technology, through NCBI blast, result showed that there was no different between ToKei780and Hidaka4.8. The GmFT2A promoter sequence of ToKei780and Hidaka4were first cloned by PCR amplification technology, through NCBI blast, result showed that there were42bp insert sequence at958bp and10bp deletion sequence at1677bp in ToKei780. The GmFT2A promoter’s function were predicted by online software PLACE, result showed that ToKei780has four cis-acting elements than Hidaka4. Among them, three cis-acting elements were related to flowering and all lay in the42bp insert sequence. so it was boldly speculated that GmFT2A gene effecting on the flowering time of two parents attributed to insert and deletion sequences in promoter’s region.