Study On The Basic Nutrition Of The Gonads Of Chlamys Farreri And Argopectens Irradias And The Determination Of Their Gonads Polysaccharide Immune Activity

Scallops belonged to the mollusca, bivalvia, have a tonic effect of seafoodtreasures. Recently, with the development of scallops aquaculture and the exploitationof deep processing products, the by-product of scallops is processed into fishmeal orabandoned. These not only causes environment pollution, but also tremendous wasteof resources. Therefore, the research object of this paper is Chlamys farreri andArgopectens irradias gonad, which discusses the basic nutrients and further to studythe extraction process of polysaccharide, and investigates the functions on theimmunity regulative effect. The purpose is that provides scientific basis andtheoretical guidance for the comprehensive utilization of scallops gonad. The mainresearch results as follows:1. The Chlamys farreri and Argopectens irradias gonad are rich in nutritioncomponents: the protein and fat contents are high; the amino acid composition isbalanced and the proportion of essential amino acids is closed to the WHO/FAOrecommended values. The mineral content is rich in the gonad of Chlamys farreri; andthe fatty acid composition is complete, the EPA, DHA and AA content are higher. So,Chlamys farreri gonad has good development and utilization prospect. On the whole,Chlamys farreri and Argopectens irradias gonad have high nutritional value.2. The extraction process of polysaccharides of scallop gonad: extractingpolysaccharides with water-extraction method and enzymatic hydrolysis method. Theresults showed that the content and purity of the enzymatic hydrolysis ofpolysaccharides is higher than the water-extraction. Therefore, follow-up experimentsto select the enzymatic method to extract polysaccharide. First, the degreased sample is treated by enzyme; then removing protein by Sevag method and ethanolfractionated precipitation, dialysis, condensation and freeze-dried would getpolysaccharides samples.3. The composition of the scallop gonads polysaccharides: using HPLC to detectthe monosaccharide composition. The results showed that the composition of thepolysaccharides of the two scallop gonads are each similar. Therefore, this experimentwould be no longer divided into male and female of two polysaccharides.4. Animal immunization results showed that: Chlamys farreri and Argopectensirradias gonads polysaccharide can enhance the spleen index and thymus index, thephagocytic activity of macrophages, the response of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivityand the amount of hemolytic antibody (HC50) in immunocompromised model mice. Itis suggested that the polysaccharides can repair damaged immune organs andstimulate both the non-specific and specific immunity in mice and are potential todevelop the products improving immunity.