Effects Of Vermicompost On The Main Microbiological Characteristics In Soil

In recent years, the study of vermicompost applications were paid more attentions day by day in the world, but the influence of vermicompost on soil microbes was scarce of reports. In our study, the effects of vermicompost application on soil microbiological characteristics were focused on in tomato field. The results were beneficial to improving facility soil environment exactly and reliably, as well as were useful to providing the reference for the application of vermicompost in the facility agriculture.The experiment was conducted in the sunlight greenhouse and tomatoes were the test materials. There were five treatments in this research, which were no fertilizer (CK), applied with vermicompost7.5t/hm2(E1), applied with vermicompost15t/hm2(E2), applied with vermicompost30t/hm2(E3) and applied with vermicompost60t/hm2(E4). The research not only studied the influences of vermicompost on quantity of soil bacteria, fungi, actinomyces, microbial count, soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen and the dynamic changes of the activity of soil enzyme (catalase, urease, invertase and phosphatase), but also analyzed the effect of vermicompost on bacteria diversity in soil by using PCR-DGGE technology, which got the following main conclusions:The vermicompost was significantly increased quantity of the soil bacteria, fungi, actinomyces, and microbial count significantly reduced the bacteria/fungi, made the microbial groups and quantity tend to balance. In the whole growth period, the soil microbial count and quantity of soil bacteria of the every treatments had the same change trend, the treatments of vermicompost was significantly higher than CK at seedling stage, flowering stage and early fruiting stage; In the whole growth period, the quantity of soil fungi and actinomyces of vermicompost were significantly higher than CK, bacteria/fungi of vermicompost were significantly lower than CK.Vermicompost could significantly increase the content of microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in the soil. In the whole growth period, vermicompost had the same influence on the microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen which was increased after decreased. And soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen of vermicompost were significantly higher than CK.Vermicomposting on soil catalase, urease, invertase and phosphatase enzyme activity was stimulated slightly different but the enzyme different types. In the whole growth period, the activities of soil catalase, urease and invertase were first increasing and then decreasing, the activity of phosphatase was highest in seedling stage, then dropped and bounced later. The soil enzyme activity of vermicompost was significantly higher than CK. The activities of catalase, urease and invertase were increasing with the content of vermicompost increased, and the activity of phosphatase was CK<E4<E3<E2<E1.Vermicompost had a certain effect on the soil bacteria diversity. Bacteria richness and diversity index of vermicompost was significantly higher than CK, but evenness index had no difference between the treatments. Clustering analysis showed that the similarity of E2and E3was93.8%and they were in the same clusters which explained that E2and E3were most similar. The diversity index and evenness index of E2and E3had no significant difference, but had a significant increase in the number of bands. The similarity of E3and E4was78.1%, and the similarity of CK and E1was only57.3%.