The Distribution And Change Of Scomberomorus Niphonius Resources Since The Qing Dynasty In The Yellow Sea-Bohai Sea

Scomberomorus niphonius (hereinafter referred to Spanish mackerel)commonly known as Cero, batfishes, board threadfin, mackerel and so on.The fish for the consumption and they are ferocious and ventripotent, swimming agility, body blue-black, with dark stripes or spots,seafood.It’s an important economic fish in the Yellow-Bohai Sea, most of the time perched on the upper layer of water, so more sensitive to changes in the aquatic environment. Changes in the location of fish catches are closely related to in the environment of the water of the Yellow-Bohai Sea. Change of Fishing ground,often affected by the warm, coastal flow and river flow.Now,Spanish mackerel widely distributed in the East Sea of China, Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.In History before1855,The Huanghe River changed its course,the distribution of its resources in the Bohai Sea is not much,many " local history " are not recorded,after the Yellow Riverchanged its course since1855, and its distribution has obviously been changed,from central fishing groundto the northern Yellow Sea,moving westwards,into the Bohai Sea,and extended to the northern in Bohai Sea.Change in Fisheries biological populations, in fact, the changes in the catches. With the economic development, the number of catches,although relating to the actual number of fish in the sea, largely recorded numbers have the most direct relevance to fishing technology. Before the Republic, local history records in the number of catch is fewer,so difficult to examine the changes, local history after the Republic,and the new Chronicles after the founding of the People’s Republic of China,there are many records of their number, in order to these data, we can observe the change easilyAbout the environment of the Yellow-Bohai Sea,regardless of temperature, quality,depth,currents,etc.,are suitable for the formation of the fisheries,it is very suitable for reproductive and reproduction, not only the plankton of the estuarine zone, food, the zone of cold and warm intersection in sea is also very suitable for the growth of fish.However,even if there is a wealth of resources,but also because the traditional way of fishing practice bring to the fishing development has been small-scale in coastal waters.Excellent the treasure abandoned in the ocean, can not help but outsiders coveted.After the late Qing Dynasty, Because of Illegal Fishing by Japan, advances in technology, environmental pollution and many other factors, the fishery production in Yellow-Bohai Sea forward in the twists and turns. Advances in manufacturing technology is the driving force behind the fishery production,it can make catches greatly increase,make the fishing economy along with advances in manufacturing technology and progress. Create and fishing gear have greatly affected to the growth of fisheries production. Of course, the fishery production tools have undergone a long evolution,form today’s modern fishing methods.Especially the60s-70s since the founding of People’s republic of china,Spanish mackerel,as the main economic fish, in the northern coast of sea,production has been very stable,but in the late1970s,resources have been large fluctuations,from the number of catches,some areas already do not form the fishing season, or even extinct phenomenon, this is mainly because of overfishing.Due to coastal construction projects,increasing environmental pollution,food organisms shortage,germplasm resources of mackerel in the Yellow-Bohai, resources has been in a serious threat.In fishermen’s society, the impact of such resources not only stay in the economic and diet, and even affected to the people’s spiritual and cultural life. Private citizens have been circulating the colorful legends of Spanish mackerel, Spanish mackerel princess story make it became embodiment,with beautiful,brave,wisdom, diligence;in the beautiful coastal city of Qingdao,sons and daughters to the elders ’house to sent Spanish mackerel,more on behalf of filial piety.During the Spanish mackerel listed season,young people will be carrying fresh Spanish mackerel to home for the elders,this phenomenon is becoming a unique local folk customs in Qingdao, and has a positive culture connotation of ocean.