| The soil is an unevenly change continuum, which is in the joint action of natural factors and human factors. Soil erosion, caused by external influence, restricts the human living and economic development. The ecological and environmental problem caused by soil erosion is one of the most serious environmental problems of the world that has become a global concern.The small watershed of Zhuxi, with low land productivity and harsh ecological environment for serious soil erosion, is one of the thirty typical monitoring watersheds in China. The spatial and temporal pattern of soil erosion were analyzed using3S technology and landscape ecological principle in the small watershed of Zhuxi based on remote sensing images of1999and2007, and then the soil erosion prediction model was established to predict its future condition in order to provide a scientific basis to the optimization and management for future in this paper.The data about terrain, landuse types, vegetation coverage and soil erosion intensity grading had been extracted from the remote sensing images. The results show that the small watershed landscape have become complicated and fragmented entirety, the proportion of soil erosion intensity type changed obviously, soil condition tended to be improved and slight erosion was dominant gradually caused by manual intervention, except for there still were some regional erosion intensified. In addition, the soil erosion prediction model was established to forecasts the change trend of the erosion state by using artificial neural networks and cellular automata in the small watershed of Zhuxi. As the spatial heterogeneity, the watershed is divided into three sub-areas including east, centre and west, to have been simulated respectively that shows the simulation accuracy of partition is better than the whole district. Finally, some measures about optimization and management in accordance with the environmental characteristics of different sub-area were recommended. |
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